Shloka 28

Bhīṣma’s Śara-śayyā Stuti to Vāsudeva and Yogic Preparation for Dehotsarga

Body-Relinquishment

Devanagari script

यस्मिन्‌ नित्यं तपस्तप्तं यदड्भेष्वनुतिष्ठति । सर्वात्मा सर्ववित्‌ सर्व: सर्वज्ञ: सर्वभावन:

Transliteration

yasmin nityaṁ tapas taptaṁ yad adbheṣv anutiṣṭhati | sarvātmā sarvavit sarvaḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvabhāvanaḥ ||

Translation

Đấng mà nơi Ngài, khổ hạnh được thực hành thường hằng không gián đoạn, và Ngài vẫn kiên trụ ngay giữa mọi gian nan—Ngài là Tự Ngã của muôn loài, Đấng biết tất cả, Chúa tể trùm khắp; toàn tri, và là Đấng khiến mọi hữu tình cùng mọi trạng thái hiện hữu được sinh thành và viên mãn.

Word by Word

यस्मिन्in whom/wherein

नित्यम्always

तपःausterity, penance

तप्तम्performed, practiced (lit. heated)

यत्which

अद्भेषुin the waters

अनुतिष्ठतिhe performs, carries out

सर्वात्माthe Self of all; all-pervading self

सर्ववित्knower of all

सर्वःall; the all (one)

सर्वज्ञःomniscient

सर्वभावनःproducer/sustainer of all; causing all to be

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma (speaker)

Paramatman/Brahman (implied by epithets: sarvātmā, sarvavit, sarvajñaḥ)

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse praises the highest principle as the one in whom unbroken austerity and steadfast practice endure even under hardship, identifying that reality as the inner Self of all and the omniscient, all-pervading source and sustainer—implying that true spiritual authority is grounded in disciplined constancy and universal knowledge.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma, instructing on dharma in the Shanti Parva, describes the supreme being through a chain of epithets, emphasizing continuous tapas and unwavering perseverance, thereby guiding the listener toward an ethical-spiritual ideal of steadfast discipline and recognition of the universal Self.