Shloka 3

Devanagari script

/! [॥/7८॥ ' ५ व ! १८ श्र 2 22

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | bho bhoḥ, kṣāmyābhibhāṣe tvāṃ; na roṣaṃ kartum arhasi | iha tvam abhisamprāptaḥ kasyārthe kiṃ prayojanam, he brāhmaṇadeva ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Bậc đáng tôn kính, xin tha lỗi cho cách ta cất lời; ngài chớ nổi giận. Nay ngài đã đến đây, vì ai mà đến, và mục đích của ngài là gì, hỡi vị Bà-la-môn như bậc thần linh?”

Word by Word

• भो: O!
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भो

• भो: O!
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भो

• क्षामि: I forgive / I ask pardon
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षम्
• Form: Lat (present indicative), 1, singular, Parasmaipada

• अभिभाषे: I address / I speak to
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-भाष्
• Form: Lat (present indicative), 1, singular, Atmanepada

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: accusative, singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• रोषम्: anger
• रोषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोष
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• कर्तुम्: to do / to make
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: tumun (infinitive)

• अर्हसि: you ought / you are fit
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्ह्
• Form: Lat (present indicative), 2, singular, Parasmaipada

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: nominative, singular

• अभिसम्प्राप्तः: having arrived / come
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-सम्-प्र-आप्
• Form: kta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular

• कस्य: of what / for whose
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• अर्थे: for the sake/purpose
• अर्थे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• किम्: what
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

• प्रयोजनम्: purpose / intention
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रयोजन
• Form: neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

• हे: O (vocative particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हे

• ब्राह्मणदेव: O divine Brahmin / venerable Brahmin
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण-देव
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Brahmin (unnamed)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even a powerful elder like Bhishma models dharmic speech: he begins with apology, discourages anger, and asks the visitor’s purpose respectfully—showing humility, restraint, and proper honor toward a Brahmin.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma addresses an arriving Brahmin with deference, asks forgiveness for any offense in speech, requests that the Brahmin not become angry, and then inquires why the Brahmin has come and what he seeks.