Shloka 1

Devanagari script

7 अं ड-ऑ का एकोनषष्टर्याधेकत्रिशततमो< ध्याय: नागराजका घर लौटना

Transliteration

Bhīṣma uvāca: atha kāle bahuvidhe pūrṇe prāpto bhujaṅgamaḥ | dattābhyanujñaḥ svaṁ veśma kṛtakarmā vivasvatā ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Khi một quãng thời gian dài, đầy những biến cố, đã trôi qua và công việc của vua rắn đã hoàn tất, thì ngài—được Vivasvat (Thần Mặt Trời) cho phép—trở về nhà mình. Cuộc hồi quy ấy không chỉ là hành trình, mà là sự khép lại theo đạo lý của một bổn phận được gánh vác dưới thẩm quyền chính đáng.

Word by Word

• अथ: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• काले: in time/when the time
• काले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• बहुविधे: of many kinds/varied
• बहुविधे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहुविध
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• पूर्णे: being completed
• पूर्णे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• प्राप्तः: having reached/arrived
• प्राप्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle, used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भुजङ्गमः: the serpent (naga)
• भुजङ्गमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुजङ्गम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दत्त: given
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अभ्यनुज्ञः: permitted/allowed
• अभ्यनुज्ञः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभ्यनुज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वम्: his own
• स्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वेश्म: home/house
• वेश्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेश्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कृतकर्मा: one whose task is done
• कृतकर्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतकर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विवस्वता: by Vivasvat (the Sun)
• विवस्वता: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवस्वत्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Nāgarāja (serpent-king)
• Vivasvat (Sūrya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharma as disciplined completion of one’s assigned task and returning only after rightful permission—ethical action is shown as duty performed under legitimate authority, not impulsive self-will.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma narrates to Yudhishthira that after many days and after finishing his work, the serpent-king receives leave from the Sun-god (Vivasvat) and goes back to his own home, setting up the ensuing domestic dialogue on dharma.