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Shloka 38

Prāyaścitta-vidhāna: Tapas, Dāna, Vrata, and Proportional Expiation (प्रायश्चित्तविधानम्)

न वाग्घीने विवर्णे वा नाड़हीने न वामने । न दुर्जने दौष्कुले वा व्रतैयों वा न संस्कृत: । नश्रोत्रियमृते दान ब्राह्मणे ब्रह्मवर्जिते

na vāg-hīne vivarṇe vā nāḍī-hīne na vāmane | na durjane dauṣkule vā vratāyyo vā na saṃskṛtaḥ | na śrotriyam ṛte dānaṃ brāhmaṇe brahma-varjite ||

Vyāsa nói: Không nên bố thí cho một Bà-la-môn kém về lời nói, hoặc sắc diện suy đồi, hoặc thiếu sinh lực, cũng không nên cho kẻ lùn; cũng không nên cho người ác, kẻ thuộc dòng dõi hèn kém, người không xứng với các giới nguyện và nghi lễ, hay kẻ chưa được tôi luyện bằng kỷ luật và học vấn. Ngoại trừ một śrotriya chân chính, không nên bố thí cho Bà-la-môn thiếu “brahman” — tức thiếu tri thức Veda và sự liêm chính tâm linh.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाक्-हीनेin/for one deprived of speech
वाक्-हीने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक्-हीन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विवर्णेin/for one of bad/abnormal complexion
विवर्णे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविवर्ण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
नाड-हीनेin/for one lacking a vein/nerve (i.e., defective-bodied)
नाड-हीने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनाड-हीन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वामनेin/for a dwarf
वामने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवामन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुर्जनेin/for a wicked person
दुर्जने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्जन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दौष्कुलेin/for one of a bad family
दौष्कुले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदौष्कुल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
व्रत-हीनेin/for one devoid of vows/discipline
व्रत-हीने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootव्रत-हीन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संस्कृतःrefined/initiated (well-formed)
संस्कृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंस्कृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्रोत्रियम्a learned Vedic scholar
श्रोत्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रोत्रिय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ऋतेexcept/without
ऋते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
दानम्gift, giving (charity)
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणेin/for a Brahmin
ब्राह्मणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ब्रह्म-वर्जितेdevoid of brahman (Vedic knowledge/holy conduct)
ब्रह्म-वर्जिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्म-वर्जित
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
Brāhmaṇa
Ś
Śrotriya
D
Dāna

Educational Q&A

Charity (dāna) should be guided by discernment: the worthiness of the recipient is tied to character, discipline, and Vedic learning. A true śrotriya—one grounded in brahman (Vedic knowledge and integrity)—is presented as the proper recipient, while gifts to those lacking such qualities are discouraged.

In the Śānti Parva’s dharma-instructional setting, Vyāsa lays down criteria for appropriate recipients of gifts, emphasizing that mere social label (being called a Brahmin) is insufficient if one is ‘brahma-varjita’—devoid of the learning and conduct that define brahmanical excellence.