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Shloka 11

Nāgendra–Brāhmaṇa Saṃvāda: Praśna-vidhi and Dharmic Approach on the Gomatī Riverbank

किमर्थ तत्‌ समभवत्‌ तन्ममाचक्ष्व सत्तम । जनमेजय बोले--सत्पुरुषोंमें श्रेष्ठ मुने! ब्रह्माजीने भगवान्‌के जिस हयग्रीवावतारका दर्शन किया था, उसका प्रादुर्भाव किसलिये हुआ था? यह मुझे बताइये ।।

Janamejaya uvāca—satpuruṣoṁ me śreṣṭha mune! brahmaṇā bhagavataḥ yaḥ hayagrīvāvatāraḥ dṛṣṭaḥ, tasya prādurbhāvaḥ kimartham abhavat? tan mama ācakṣva. Vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca—yat kiñcid iha loke vai deha-sattvaṃ viśāṃpate…

Janamejaya hỏi bậc hiền triết: “Bạch đấng tối thượng trong hàng người đức hạnh, xin nói cho con biết—vì sao sự hiển lộ ấy đã xảy ra, tức Hayagrīva avatāra của Thượng Đế mà Brahmā đã được chiêm kiến?” Rồi Vaiśaṃpāyana bắt đầu lời đáp, nêu một nguyên lý phổ quát về các hữu tình mang thân trong đời, đặt khung đạo lý rằng những lần Thần giáng thế là để dẹp loạn và phục hồi chính pháp.

किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अर्थम्purpose, reason
अर्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तत्that (event/thing)
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
समभवत्happened, came to be
समभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ममto me / of me
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
आचक्ष्वtell, explain
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootचक्ष्
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्तमO best of the good
सत्तम:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootसत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशग्पायन उवाच

J
Janamejaya
V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
B
Brahmā
B
Bhagavān (the Lord)
H
Hayagrīva (avatāra)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic inquiry: divine manifestations (avatāras) are not arbitrary but purposeful, arising in response to conditions in the world of embodied beings, typically to restore order, protect dharma, and guide beings toward right conduct.

King Janamejaya asks Vaiśaṃpāyana to explain why the Lord manifested as Hayagrīva, an incarnation witnessed by Brahmā. Vaiśaṃpāyana begins his answer by introducing a general statement about embodied life in the world, preparing to connect the avatāra’s appearance to a broader cosmic and ethical context.