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Shloka 13

Adhyāya 348: Nāga–Nīgabhāryā Saṃvāda on Anger, Hope, and Ethical Response

धर्मान्‌ नानाविधांश्वैव को ब्रूयात्‌ तमृते प्रभुम्‌,भगवानके सिवा दूसरा कौन ऐसा है, जो नाना प्रकारके धर्मोका वर्णन कर सके? तुम्हारा यह महान्‌ यज्ञ, जैसा कि तुमने संकल्प कर रकक्‍्खा है, निरन्तर चालू रहे। तुमने अश्वमेध-यज्ञ करनेका संकल्प लिया है और सब धर्मोका यथार्थ रूपसे श्रवण किया है

vaiśampāyana uvāca | dharmān nānāvidhāṁś caiva ko brūyāt tam ṛte prabhum | bhagavān eva … |

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Ngoài chính Đấng Chúa Tể ấy ra, còn ai có thể giảng bày muôn hình vạn trạng của dharma? Nguyện đại tế lễ của ngài—được khởi sự bằng chí nguyện kiên định—tiếp diễn không gián đoạn. Ngài đã phát nguyện cử hành Aśvamedha, và đã lắng nghe chân pháp về dharma đúng theo hình tướng chân thực của nó.”

धर्मान्duties / dharmas
धर्मान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
नाना-विधान्of various kinds
नाना-विधान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनाना + विध (विधान)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कःwho?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्रूयात्could/should say, expound
ब्रूयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (ब्रवीति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ऋतेexcept / without
ऋते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
प्रभुम्the Lord / master
प्रभुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
P
Prabhu (the Lord)
B
Bhagavān (the Blessed Lord)
A
Aśvamedha-yajña

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes that dharma has many forms and nuances, and that only the highest authority—“the Lord” (prabhu/bhagavān)—is fully competent to expound it without error. It also affirms the ethical-religious seriousness of a king’s vow (saṅkalpa) and the importance of receiving dharma correctly through attentive hearing (śravaṇa).

Vaiśampāyana, continuing the Śānti Parva discourse, praises the unique authority of the supreme teacher to describe diverse dharmas and blesses the continuation of the listener’s great sacrifice. The context points to a royal undertaking—specifically the Aśvamedha—framed as proceeding after the king has heard a comprehensive and accurate exposition of dharma.