Shloka 93

Atithi-prāpti and the Brāhmaṇa’s Deliberation on Triadic Dharma (अतिथिप्राप्तिः धर्मत्रयविचारश्च)

Devanagari script

ततो<श्वशिरसं दृष्टवा तं देवममितौजसम्‌ | लोककर्ता प्रभुर्ब्रद्या लोकानां हितकाम्यया

Transliteration

tato ’śvaśirasaṃ dṛṣṭvā taṃ devam amitaujasam | lokakartā prabhur brahmā lokānāṃ hitakāmyayā ||

Translation

Bấy giờ, vừa trông thấy vị thần oai lực vô lượng mang đầu ngựa, Phạm Thiên—đấng chủ tể sáng tạo các thế giới—vì mong cầu lợi ích cho muôn loài mà cúi đầu đảnh lễ. Đứng trước vị thần ban phúc với hai tay chắp lại, Ngài dâng lời tôn kính; và Đức Thế Tôn, ôm Ngài vào lòng đầy ân tình, bèn kín đáo truyền lời.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• अश्वशिरसम्: the horse-headed one (Hayagriva)
• अश्वशिरसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्वशिरस्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• देवम्: the god
• देवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अमितौजसम्: of immeasurable might
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमित-ओजस्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Hayagrīva (horse-headed deity)
• Brahmā

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even the highest authority (Brahmā, the world-creator) models humility and devotion before a greater divine power, motivated not by self-interest but by lokānāṃ hita—concern for the welfare of all. Ethical leadership is shown as reverence, restraint, and acting for universal good.

What is happening in the narrative?

Brahmā beholds the immensely powerful horse-headed deity (Hayagrīva), bows in reverence, and stands with folded hands. The Lord then receives him warmly and begins to communicate something confidentially, setting up the ensuing instruction or boon.