Shloka 20

प्राणात्यये तथाज्ञानादाचरन्मदिरामपि । आदेशितो धर्मपरै: पुन: संस्कारमरहति,अनजानमें अथवा प्राणसंकटके समय भी यदि मदिरापान कर ले तो बादमें धर्मात्मा पुरुषोंकी आज्ञाके अनुसार उसका पुनः संस्कार होना चाहिये

prāṇātyaye tathājñānād ācaran madirām api | ādeśito dharmaparaiḥ punaḥ saṃskāram arhati ||

Vyāsa nói: Dẫu có người vì vô tri mà uống rượu say, hoặc trong khoảnh khắc nguy nan đe dọa tính mạng mà lỡ uống, người ấy về sau vẫn xứng đáng được làm lễ tái thanh tịnh, khi được các bậc chính trực, tâm hướng về dharma chỉ dạy. Lời dạy nhấn mạnh rằng tội lỗi tùy thuộc vào ý định và hoàn cảnh, và việc phục hồi đạo hạnh bằng các nghi thức được quy định vẫn có thể thực hiện dưới sự hướng dẫn đúng đắn.

प्राणात्ययेin danger of life / at the time of life-threatening crisis
प्राणात्यये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणात्यय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तथाlikewise / also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अज्ञानात्from ignorance / out of ignorance
अज्ञानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
आचरन्doing / committing / practicing
आचरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआचर्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
मदिराम्liquor / wine
मदिराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमदिरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven / also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
आदेशितःhaving been instructed / enjoined
आदेशितः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + दिश्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मपरैःby the righteous / by those devoted to dharma
धर्मपरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
संस्कारम्purificatory rite / re-sanctification
संस्कारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंस्कार
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अर्हतिdeserves / is fit (to receive)
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
madirā (intoxicating liquor)
D
dharmaparāḥ (righteous authorities)

Educational Q&A

Moral responsibility is assessed with attention to intention and necessity: acts like drinking liquor, normally censured, may be mitigated when done unknowingly or under threat to life, and the person can be ethically restored through prescribed re-sanctification under the guidance of dharma-minded authorities.

Vyāsa states a rule within a dharma-discussion: if someone has consumed liquor due to ignorance or in a life-threatening emergency, then, upon the instruction of righteous elders/authorities, that person is eligible for a subsequent saṃskāra (restorative rite) to re-establish purity and social-religious standing.