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Shloka 21

Adhyāya 33 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Post-Conflict Remorse and Inquiry on Āśrama Discipline (शोक-विमर्शः, आश्रम-जिज्ञासा)

महाबाहो! तुम युद्धमें मारे गये उन क्षत्रियोंके भी ऐसे कर्मोंका चिन्तन करो जो उनके विनाशके कारण थे और जिनके होनेसे ही उन्हें कालके अधीन होना पड़ा ।। आत्मनश्न विजानीहि नियतव्रतशासनम्‌ | यदा त्वमीदृशं कर्म विधिना55क्रम्प कारित:,तुम अपने आचार-व्यवहारपर भी ध्यान दो कि “तुम सदा ही नियमपूर्वक उत्तम व्रतके पालनमें लगे रहते थे तो भी विधाताने बलपूर्वक तुम्हें अपने अधीन करके तुम्हारे द्वारा ऐसा निष्ठर कर्म करवा लिया'

mahābāho! tvaṃ yuddhe māritānāṃ teṣāṃ kṣatriyāṇām api tādṛśāṃ karmāṇāṃ cintanaṃ kuru, yāni teṣāṃ vināśa-kāraṇāni babhūvuḥ, yaiḥ sambhūtaiḥ te kālasya vaśam āpannāḥ. ātmanaś ca vijānīhi niyata-vrata-śāsanam; yadā tvam īdṛśaṃ karma vidhinā balāt kāritaḥ.

Vyāsa nói: “Hỡi bậc dũng sĩ tay mạnh, hãy suy ngẫm cả về những hành vi của các kṣatriya đã ngã xuống trong chiến trận—những việc làm trở thành nguyên nhân suy vong của họ và, một khi đã gây tạo, đã đặt họ dưới quyền thống trị của Thời Gian. Và hãy xét lại chính hạnh kiểm của ngươi nữa: tuy ngươi được rèn trong những lời thệ nguyện bền chặt và nếp sống kỷ luật, nhưng Đấng An Bài đã cưỡng bức ngươi bằng sức mạnh của định mệnh, khiến ngươi phải làm một hành động khắc nghiệt như thế.”

महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाबाहु
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आत्मनःof yourself
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
श्नunclear (text corrupt)
श्न:
TypeVerb
Rootश्नु/अश् (uncertain due to corruption)
FormUnclear, Unclear, Unclear
विजानीहिknow, understand
विजानीहि:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + ज्ञा
FormImperative, Second, Singular
नियतrestrained, regulated
नियत:
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्रतvow, observance
व्रत:
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शासनम्rule, discipline, command
शासनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशासन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ईदृशम्such, of this kind
ईदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मdeed, action
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विधिनाby fate/ordinance; by the disposer
विधिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
क्रम्पunclear (text corrupt)
क्रम्प:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuncertain (likely corruption for 'बलात्/कर्म' etc.)
कारितःwas caused to do; was made to perform
कारितः:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (causative past passive participle: कारित)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
kṣatriyas
K
Kāla (Time/Death)
V
Vidhi (the Ordainer/Destiny)

Educational Q&A

Vyāsa urges ethical self-examination: the fall of warriors is linked to their own destructive actions, yet human agency operates under the overpowering framework of Kāla (Time) and Vidhi (destiny). The teaching balances responsibility for karma with humility before forces larger than individual will.

In Śānti Parva’s reflective setting after the war, Vyāsa addresses a heroic listener and directs him to contemplate both the slain kṣatriyas’ ruin-causing deeds and his own conduct—acknowledging that even a disciplined person may be driven by destiny to commit severe acts amid the compulsions of war.