Shloka 45

पुरा कुसड्भतानि ते सुहन्मुखाश्न शत्रव: । विचालयमन्ति दर्शनाद्‌ घटस्व पुत्र यत्परम्‌

purā kusaḍbhatāni te suhanmukhāśna śatravaḥ | vicālayamanti darśanād ghaṭasva putra yatparam ||

Vyāsa nói: Thuở trước, kẻ thù của con—dẫu hung hãn và khó khuất phục—cũng chỉ vì thấy con mà đã nao núng. Vì vậy, con trai ta, hãy nỗ lực ngay bây giờ cho điều tối thượng: thiện ích cao nhất.

पुराformerly, in the past
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
Formindeclinable (temporal adverb)
कुसद्भतानिwicked warriors / bad soldiers
कुसद्भतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकु-सद्भट
Formneuter, nominative, plural
तेof you, your
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive, singular (enclitic)
सुहन्मुखाःhaving faces (turned) to strike well / fierce-faced
सुहन्मुखाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुहन्-मुख
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable (negation)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
विचालयन्तिthey shake, they make (one) tremble
विचालयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चल्
Formpresent tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
दर्शनात्from (mere) sight
दर्शनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदर्शन
Formneuter, ablative, singular
घटस्वstrive, make effort
घटस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootघट्
Formimperative, 2nd person, singular; आत्मनेपद (middle)
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
परम्highest, supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formneuter, accusative, singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
P
putra (addressed son)
Ś
śatravaḥ (enemies)

Educational Q&A

Past worldly power—such as inspiring fear in enemies—is not the final measure of success; Vyāsa urges striving for the ‘parama’ (highest good), pointing toward inner excellence and ultimate welfare rather than mere dominance.

Vyāsa addresses his son, recalling a time when the son’s presence alone unsettled opponents, and then redirects him from reliance on former martial prestige toward earnest pursuit of the supreme aim.