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Shloka 109

Śuka’s Guṇa-Transcendence and Vyāsa’s Consolation (शुकगति-वर्णनम्)

सुखासुखे जरामृत्यू लाभालाभौ प्रियाप्रिये । इति चैकोनविंशो<यं द्वन्द्रयोग इति स्मृत:

sukhāsukhe jarāmṛtyū lābhālābhau priyāpriye | iti caikonaviṁśo ’yaṁ dvandrayoga iti smṛtaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Bình thản trước các cặp đối đãi—lạc và khổ, già và chết, được và mất, điều đáng yêu và điều không đáng yêu—kỷ luật đối diện nhị nguyên bằng sự vững vàng ấy được ghi nhớ là phẩm tính thứ mười chín.”

सुखासुखेpleasure and pain
सुखासुखे:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुख + असुख
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Dual
जराold age
जरा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजरा
FormFeminine, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
मृत्यूdeath (as one of the pair: old age and death)
मृत्यू:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative, Dual
लाभालाभौgain and loss
लाभालाभौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलाभ + अलाभ
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative, Dual
प्रियाप्रियेthe dear and the not-dear (pleasant and unpleasant)
प्रियाप्रिये:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय + अप्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Dual
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एकोनविंशःnineteenth
एकोनविंशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक + ऊन + विंश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्वन्द्रयोगःthe conjunction/combination of pairs of opposites
द्वन्द्रयोगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्वन्द्र + योग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
स्मृतःis considered/remembered (as)
स्मृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (धातु) → स्मृत (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past passive participle)

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

To cultivate steadiness toward life’s opposites—pleasure/pain, gain/loss, dear/undesired, and even aging/death—so that one’s conduct remains aligned with dharma rather than driven by fluctuating circumstances.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on virtues and disciplines. Here he enumerates a specific quality—‘dvandva-yoga,’ the practice of equanimity toward dualities—and identifies it as the nineteenth in the list being taught.