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Shloka 21

जनक–सुलभा संवादः

Janaka–Sulabhā Dialogue on Mokṣa and Non-attachment

एष हाप्रतिबुद्धश्च बुध्यमानश्न॒ तेडनघ

eṣa hāpratibuddhaś ca budhyamānaś ca te ’nagha niṣpāpa nareśa | iti te mayā śruti-nirdeśānusāreṇa yathārthataḥ pratipāditāḥ—apratibuddhaḥ (kṣaraḥ), budhyamānaḥ (akṣara-jīvātmā), buddhaḥ (jñāna-svarūpaḥ paramātmā) iti trayaḥ | śāstrīya-dṛṣṭyā jīvātmano nānātvaṃ ca ekatvaṃ ca evam eva boddhavyam ||

Vasiṣṭha nói: Hỡi đức vua vô tội! Nay ta đã trình bày với ngài—đúng như Veda chỉ dạy—ba hạng: kẻ chưa thức tỉnh (cái hữu hoại), kẻ đang trên đường thức tỉnh (ngã cá thể bất hoại), và bậc đã thức tỉnh viên mãn (Tối Thượng Ngã, tự tánh là tri kiến thuần tịnh). Theo lập trường kinh điển, tính đa thù và tính nhất như của linh hồn phải được hiểu đúng theo cách ấy.

{'apratibuddha''unawakened
{'apratibuddha':
not yet illumined by true knowledge', 'budhyamāna''awakening
not yet illumined by true knowledge', 'budhyamāna':
in the process of knowing', 'buddha''fully awakened
in the process of knowing', 'buddha':
perfectly knowing', 'kṣara''perishable
perfectly knowing', 'kṣara':
mutable principle', 'akṣara''imperishable
mutable principle', 'akṣara':
unchanging principle', 'jīvātman''individual self
unchanging principle', 'jīvātman':
embodied soul', 'paramātman''Supreme Self
embodied soul', 'paramātman':
highest reality', 'jñāna-svarūpa''whose essential nature is knowledge/consciousness', 'śruti': 'Vedic revelation
highest reality', 'jñāna-svarūpa':
the heard scripture', 'nirdeśa''instruction
the heard scripture', 'nirdeśa':
authoritative pointing-out', 'yathārthataḥ''as it truly is
authoritative pointing-out', 'yathārthataḥ':
in accordance with reality', 'pratipādita''set forth
in accordance with reality', 'pratipādita':
established by explanation', 'nānātva''multiplicity
established by explanation', 'nānātva':
plurality', 'ekatva''oneness
plurality', 'ekatva':
unity', 'nareśa''lord of men
unity', 'nareśa':
king', 'anagha/niṣpāpa''blameless
king', 'anagha/niṣpāpa':

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
N
nareśa (the king, unnamed addressee)
Ś
śruti (Vedic revelation)
J
jīvātman
P
paramātman

Educational Q&A

The verse distinguishes three levels/principles—perishable (kṣara), imperishable individual self (akṣara-jīvātman), and the fully awakened Supreme Self (paramātman)—and says that scripture-based understanding reconciles the soul’s apparent plurality with its underlying unity.

Vasiṣṭha is concluding an instruction to a king, summarizing that he has presented a Veda-aligned explanation of three ontological categories and advising that this framework is how one should interpret the scriptural teaching about the one-and-many nature of the self.