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Shloka 39

अव्यक्त–पुरुष–विवेकः (Discrimination of Avyakta/Prakṛti and Puruṣa) — Yājñavalkya’s Anvīkṣikī to Viśvāvasu

अन्यदेव च क्षेत्र स्थादन्य: क्षेत्रज्ञ उच्यते । क्षेत्रमव्यक्तमित्युक्त ज्ञाता वै पजचविंशक:,वास्तवमें क्षेत्र अन्य वस्तु है और क्षेत्रज्ञ अन्य। क्षेत्र अव्यक्त कहा गया है और क्षेत्रज्ञ उसका ज्ञाता पचीसवाँ तत्त्व आत्मा है

anyad eva ca kṣetraṃ syād anyaḥ kṣetrajña ucyate | kṣetram avyaktam ity uktaṃ jñātā vai pañcaviṃśakaḥ ||

Vasiṣṭha nói: “ ‘Trường’ (kṣetra) quả thật là một điều, còn ‘kẻ biết trường’ (kṣetrajña) lại là điều khác. Trường được gọi là ‘vô hiển’ (avyakta), còn kẻ biết nó là nguyên lý thứ hai mươi lăm—Chân Ngã (Ātman)—đấng thực sự thấu triệt.”

अन्यत्another (thing)
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्षेत्रम्the field (body/matter)
क्षेत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्थात्would be/is (to be taken as)
स्थात्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormOptative, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अन्यःanother (one)
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षेत्रज्ञःknower of the field
क्षेत्रज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्रज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
क्षेत्रम्the field
क्षेत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अव्यक्तम्unmanifest
अव्यक्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तम्said/declared
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formkta (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञाताthe knower
ज्ञाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed/verily
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पञ्चविंशकःthe twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चविंशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
K
kṣetra
K
kṣetrajña
Ā
ātman (implied as the twenty-fifth principle)

Educational Q&A

It teaches viveka (discrimination) between the unmanifest ‘field’ (kṣetra—prakṛti/body-mind and its subtle basis) and the conscious ‘knower of the field’ (kṣetrajña). The knower is identified as the twenty-fifth principle, the ātman/puruṣa, distinct from the 24 constituents of prakṛti.

In Śānti Parva’s philosophical instruction, Vasiṣṭha is explaining a Sāṅkhya-style framework: reality is analyzed into the experienced domain (kṣetra, described as avyaktā) and the experiencer (kṣetrajña), emphasizing their separateness to guide the listener toward self-knowledge and liberation.