Shloka 34

सदा देवा: साधुभि: संवदन्ते न मानुषं विषयं यान्ति द्रष्टम्‌ नेन्दु: सम: स्थादसमो हि वायु- रुच्चावचं विषयं यः स वेद

sadā devāḥ sādhubhiḥ saṃvadante na mānuṣaṃ viṣayaṃ yānti draṣṭum | nenduḥ samaḥ sthād asamo hi vāyur uccāvacaṃ viṣayaṃ yaḥ sa veda ||

Thiên nga nói: “Chư thiên luôn kết bạn và đàm đạo với bậc thiện nhân; vì thế họ chẳng buồn ngoảnh nhìn những lạc thú chóng tàn mà loài người mải mê. Ai thật sự hiểu rõ bản tính hư hoại, biến đổi không ngừng của các đối tượng giác quan, thì không gì sánh kịp—dẫu là trăng hay gió cũng không thể.”

सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
साधुभिःwith the good (people)
साधुभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
संवदन्तेconverse / speak together
संवदन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + वद्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मानुषम्human
मानुषम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विषयम्object (of enjoyment), sense-object
विषयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यान्तिgo
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
द्रष्टुम्to see
द्रष्टुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormTumun (infinitive)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इन्दुःthe moon
इन्दुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्दु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समःequal
समः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थात्would be / could be (stand as)
स्थात्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormAorist (injunctive/benedictive-like usage), Injunctive (Vedic/epic usage), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
असमःunequal / not comparable
असमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वायुःthe wind
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्चावचम्high and low; various
उच्चावचम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउच्चावच
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विषयम्object; domain; sense-object
विषयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविषय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदknows
वेद:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (present sense), Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṃsa, the Swan—speaker)
देवाः (the gods)
साधवः (the virtuous)
इन्दुः/चन्द्रः (the moon)
वायुः (wind / Vāyu)

Educational Q&A

True excellence lies in discerning the impermanent, fluctuating nature of sense-objects and not being drawn to them. The verse links divine stature with satsanga (association with the virtuous) and with a steady, discriminating knowledge that transcends ordinary comparisons.

In the Shanti Parva’s instructional setting, the speaker ‘Haṃsa’ delivers a didactic statement: the gods are portrayed as continually conversing with the virtuous and therefore remaining uninterested in transient human pleasures; the verse then praises the knower of the changing nature of worldly objects as incomparable.