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Shloka 38

तृष्णाक्षय-उपदेशः

Instruction on the Cessation of Craving

योगशास्त्रमें कथित कर्म श्रेष्ठ फल देनेवाले, उन्नति करनेवाले एवं स्थायी हैं; तो भी प्रवृत्तिमार्गी मनुष्य उनको गुणरहित (निष्फल) और अस्थिर समझते हैं ।।

yogaśāstre kathitāni karmāṇi śreṣṭha-phaladāni, unnati-karāṇi ca sthāyīni; tathāpi pravṛtti-mārgī manuṣyās tāni guṇa-rahitāni (niṣphalāni) ca asthirāṇi manyante. guṇa-śāstrāḥ sudurjñeyāḥ, jñātāś ca saduṣkarāḥ; anuṣṭhitāś cānta-vanta iti tvam anupaśyasi.

Kapila nói: “Những hành nghiệp được dạy trong Yoga-śāstra được mô tả là cho quả tối thượng, nâng người lên thật sự và bền vững. Thế nhưng kẻ theo con đường hướng ngoại của hành động lại cho rằng chúng vô giá trị—vô quả và bất định. Các nguyên lý về guṇa cực kỳ khó hiểu; và dù đã hiểu, cũng khó đem ra thực hành. Và ngay cả khi thực hành, quả báo được thấy vẫn hữu hạn và hoại diệt—điều ấy chính ngươi cũng đang chứng kiến.”

गुणशास्त्रthe treatise on qualities/merit (i.e., doctrine of guṇas/ritual-qualities)
गुणशास्त्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुणशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुदुर्ज्ञेयम्very hard to be known
सुदुर्ज्ञेयम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुर्ज्ञेय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञातम्known (once known)
ज्ञातम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञात
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शास्त्रम्the teaching/treatise
शास्त्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुदुष्कराःvery difficult (to do)
सुदुष्कराः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुष्कर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अनुष्ठिताःperformed/undertaken
अनुष्ठिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुष्ठित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्तवन्तःhaving an end; perishable
अन्तवन्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्तवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
अनुपश्यसिyou observe/see clearly
अनुपश्यसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√पश्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila

Educational Q&A

Kapila contrasts the promised excellence of yogic discipline with the common, activity-oriented mindset that dismisses it as ineffective. He emphasizes that understanding the guṇas and translating that understanding into practice is difficult, and that many action-based pursuits culminate in limited, perishable results—prompting a turn toward deeper, more enduring realization.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Kapila addresses a listener and critiques reliance on outward ritual/action for ultimate fulfillment. He points to the complexity of guṇa-doctrine and the practical difficulty of sustained discipline, underscoring that even well-performed acts often yield only finite outcomes.