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Shloka 30

अहिंसा-प्रधान धर्मविचारः

Ahiṃsā as the Superior Dharma: Practical and Scriptural Reasoning

इममन्यं च ते काम॑ ददानि मनसेप्सितम्‌ । न त्वां दोषेण यास्यन्ति व्याधिसम्पीडिता: प्रजा:

imam anyaṁ ca te kāmaṁ dadāni manasepsitam | na tvāṁ doṣeṇa yāsyanti vyādhi-sampīḍitāḥ prajāḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Ta ban cho ngươi thêm một ân huệ nữa, đúng điều lòng ngươi mong: dân chúng, dù bị bệnh tật hành hạ và áp bức, cũng sẽ không quy lỗi cho ngươi. Ngươi sẽ có thể mang hình dạng thích hợp với từng cảnh ngộ—là nam giữa những người nam, là nữ giữa những người nữ, và là trung tính giữa những kẻ trung tính—để sống không bị oán trách và không gây rối loạn trật tự xã hội.”

इमम्this (one/boon)
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अन्यम्another
अन्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
कामम्desired boon / wish
कामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ददानिI give
ददानि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनसाby the mind / in the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
ईप्सितम्desired, wished-for
ईप्सितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईप्सित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
दोषेणwith blame / by fault-finding
दोषेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यास्यन्तिwill go/approach (i.e., will turn to)
यास्यन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormFuture (Lrt), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
व्याधि-सम्पीडिताःafflicted/pressed by disease
व्याधि-सम्पीडिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याधि-सम्पीडित
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
P
prajāḥ (the subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

A ruler or protected person should not become a target of public blame for unavoidable suffering (like disease), and dharma sometimes requires adaptive conduct—assuming an appropriate social role—to preserve harmony and prevent needless conflict.

Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha) grants an additional boon: even if the populace is distressed by illness, they will not accuse the recipient of wrongdoing; further, the recipient is empowered to take on the fitting form/role among men, women, or neuters, enabling life without social reproach.