Shloka 1

ऑपन-मा_जल बछ। अकाल पजञ्चपञ्चाशदधिकद्धिशततमो< ध्याय: पज्चभूतोंके तथा मन और बुद्धिके गुणोंका विस्तृत वर्णन भीष्म उवाच भूतानां परिसंख्यानं भूय: पुत्र निशामय । द्वैषायनमुखाद्‌ भ्रष्ट श्लाघया परयानघ

bhīṣma uvāca |

bhūtānāṃ parisaṅkhyānaṃ bhūyaḥ putra niśāmaya |

dvaipāyanamukhād bhraṣṭaṃ ślāghayā parayānagha ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Này con, hãy nghe lại sự liệt kê về các yếu tố. Hỡi người vô tội, ta sẽ một lần nữa trình bày—với lòng trân trọng và nhiệt thành—điều đã phát ra từ miệng Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa), tức lời giảng về các đại yếu tố (và các nguyên lý của chúng).”

भूतानाम्of the beings/elements
भूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
परिसंख्यानम्enumeration; detailed reckoning
परिसंख्यानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरिसंख्यान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भूयःagain; further
भूयः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूयस्
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निशामयlisten; take note
निशामय:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-शम्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्वैषायन-मुखात्from the mouth of Dvaipayana (Vyasa)
द्वैषायन-मुखात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वैषायन-मुख
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
भ्रष्टम्uttered; issued forth
भ्रष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्लाघयाwith praise; admiringly
श्लाघया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्लाघा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परयाgreat; supreme
परया:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अनघO sinless one
अनघ:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa)
B
Bhūtas (pañca-mahābhūtas implied)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma frames the coming instruction as a systematic enumeration of the fundamental elements/principles, grounding his exposition in the authoritative teaching of Vyasa and urging attentive listening—an ethical posture of humility and disciplined inquiry on the path of liberation.

In the Mokshadharma section of the Shanti Parva, Bhishma continues instructing Yudhisthira. Here he introduces (or resumes) a detailed account of the great elements and related inner faculties, explicitly attributing the doctrine to Vyasa and inviting Yudhisthira to hear it again with keen interest.