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Shloka 9

Bhūta-guṇa-saṃkhyāna

Enumeration of the Properties of the Elements and Cognitive Faculties

यदा प्रार्थयते किंचित्‌ तदा भवति सा मनः । अधिष्ठानानि वै बुद्धयां पृथगेतानि संस्मरेत्‌ । इन्द्रियाण्येव मेध्यानि विजेतव्यानि कृत्स्नश:

yadā prārthayate kiñcit tadā bhavati sā manaḥ | adhiṣṭhānāni vai buddhyāṃ pṛthag etāni saṃsmaret | indriyāṇy eva medhyāni vijetavyāni kṛtsnaśaḥ |

Vyāsa nói: Khi con người khao khát một điều gì, chính trí tuệ (buddhi) ấy biến thành tâm (manas), trở thành chỗ ngự của dục vọng. Hãy ghi nhớ rằng những nền tảng kinh nghiệm tưởng như tách rời kia phải được hiểu là nằm trong chính trí tuệ. Vì vậy, các căn—được gọi là ‘medhyāni’ vì chúng phụ trợ cho sự nhận biết phân minh—người hành yoga phải chế ngự hoàn toàn.

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
प्रार्थयतेrequests/desires
प्रार्थयते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रार्थय् (प्र + अर्थय्)
FormLat (present), 3, singular, Atmanepada
किंचित्something, a certain thing
किंचित्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिंचित्
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भवतिbecomes
भवति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormLat (present), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
साthat (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अधिष्ठानानिbases/seats (supports)
अधिष्ठानानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधिष्ठान
Formneuter, nominative, plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
बुद्ध्याम्in the intellect
बुद्ध्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
Formfeminine, locative, singular
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
एतानिthese
एतानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formneuter, accusative, plural
संस्मरेत्should remember/consider
संस्मरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (सम् + स्मृ)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
इन्द्रियाणिsense-organs
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
Formneuter, nominative, plural
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मेध्यानिpurifying/fit (for medhā)
मेध्यानि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमेध्य
Formneuter, nominative, plural
विजेतव्यानिto be conquered
विजेतव्यानि:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि + जि
Formgerundive (tavya), neuter, nominative, plural
कृत्स्नशःentirely, wholly
कृत्स्नशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृत्स्नशः

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

Desire transforms the steady discriminative faculty (buddhi) into the restless mind (manas). Hence one should recognize the sense-based ‘supports’ of experience as operating within buddhi and practice complete mastery over the senses, since unchecked senses fuel desire and mental agitation.

In the didactic discourse of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa explains an inner psychology: how craving arises, how it reshapes cognition into desire-driven mentation, and why a yogin must subdue the senses to stabilize discernment and live ethically.