Shloka 12

Yoga-kṛtya (योककृत्य) — Vyāsa on Sense-Restraint, Obstacles, and Brahman-Realization

Devanagari script

शरीरं श्रयणाद्‌ भवति मूर्तिमत्‌ षोडशात्मकम्‌ | तमाविशन्ति भूतानि महान्ति सह कर्मणा,पञ्च स्थूल महाभूत, दस इन्द्रियाँ और मन--इन सोलह तत्त्वोंसे शरीरका निर्माण हुआ है। इन सबका आश्रय होनेके कारण ही देहको शरीर कहते हैं। शरीरके उत्पन्न होनेपर उसमें जीवोंके भोगावशिष्ट कर्मोके साथ सूक्ष्म महाभूत प्रवेश करते हैं

Transliteration

śarīraṃ śrayaṇād bhavati mūrtimat ṣoḍaśātmakam | tam āviśanti bhūtāni mahānti saha karmaṇā ||

Translation

Vyāsa giảng rằng: Thân được gọi là “śarīra” vì nó là chỗ nương tựa và nơi cư trú. Đó là một hình thể hữu hình, cấu thành bởi mười sáu nguyên lý. Khi thân như vậy sinh khởi, các đại chủng đi vào trong đó cùng với phần dư của nghiệp quá khứ, để kinh nghiệm hữu thân—lạc, khổ và hệ quả đạo đức—được triển khai theo trật tự.

Word by Word

• {'śarīram': 'body

• the embodied frame', 'śrayaṇāt': 'because of being a support/refuge

• from serving as a basis', 'bhavati': 'becomes

• comes to be', 'mūrtimat': 'having form

• embodied', 'ṣoḍaśa-ātmakam': 'consisting of sixteen constituents/principles', 'tam': 'it (the body)', 'āviśanti': 'enter

• take up residence in', 'bhūtāni': 'elements

• beings (here: elemental constituents)', 'mahānti': 'great (i.e., the great elements)', 'saha': 'together with', 'karmaṇā': 'with karma

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• śarīra (the body)
• bhūta (the elements)
• karma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The body is an ethical and experiential instrument: it is a support (śrayaṇa) made of sixteen constituents, and it becomes the field where karma’s remaining results can mature through embodied life.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation-oriented knowledge, Vyāsa defines the body’s constitution and explains how the elements, together with karmic residue, enter the newly formed body to enable lived experience and moral consequence.