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Mahabharata — Shanti Parva, Shloka 956

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

प्रयत्नेनाप्यपक्रान्तो दृष्टपूर्वो न केनचित्‌ । “देहधारी जीव प्रमादमें पड़कर सोते हैं; किंतु काल सदा सावधान रहकर जागता रहता है। किसीके प्रयत्नसे भी कालको पीछे हटाया जा सका हो

prayatnenāpy apakrānto dṛṣṭapūrvo na kenacit |

Bhīṣma nói: Dẫu gắng sức đến đâu, chưa từng ai được thấy có thể đẩy Thời Gian lùi lại. Chúng sinh mang thân xác vì buông lung mà nằm như kẻ ngủ; còn Thời Gian thì luôn tỉnh táo, luôn canh chừng—không thể ngăn, không thể chế ngự.

प्रयत्नेनby effort
प्रयत्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयत्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अपक्रान्तःmade to retreat/turned back
अपक्रान्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअपक्रान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्टपूर्वःseen before/previously witnessed
दृष्टपूर्वः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदृष्टपूर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
केनचित्by anyone
केनचित्:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
Kāla (Time/Death)

Educational Q&A

Time (kāla) is inexorable: no human effort can make it retreat. Therefore one should not live in pramāda (heedlessness) but remain vigilant, using one’s limited lifespan for dharma and inner discipline.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on conduct and wisdom, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira by stressing the unstoppable nature of Time, contrasting human negligence with Time’s constant wakefulness.