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Shloka 5

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

यच्च प्राज्ञो नरस्तात सात्त्विकीं वृत्तिमास्थित:

yacca prājño naras tāta sāttvikīṁ vṛttim āsthitaḥ

Bhīṣma nói: “Và này, con yêu, bất cứ bậc trí nào chọn lấy và an trú trong nếp sống sāttvika—trong sạch, quân bình, hướng về sự sáng tỏ—thì chính khuynh hướng ấy trở thành nền tảng của đời sống đúng đắn và sự vững bền về đạo hạnh.”

यत्which/that (thing)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्राज्ञःwise
प्राज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरःman/person
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातO dear one / O son (term of address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सात्त्विकीम्sattvic, pertaining to sattva
सात्त्विकीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसात्त्विक
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वृत्तिम्conduct, mode of life, disposition
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आस्थितःhaving adopted/undertaken
आस्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
T
tāta (addressee, unnamed in this pāda)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that a wise person deliberately adopts sāttvika vṛtti—pure, balanced, clarity-driven conduct—as the foundation for dharmic living and moral stability.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma continues instructing the listener (addressed as ‘tāta’) on principles of right conduct; here he begins a point about the wise person’s commitment to sāttvika behavior.