Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 9

Adhyāya 222 — ब्रह्मस्थानप्राप्ति: मोक्षधर्मे समत्वव्रतम्

Attaining the Brahman-Station: The Vow of Equanimity in Mokṣadharma

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका १ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल १८ “लोक: हैं) द्वाविशर्त्याधिकद्विशततमो< ध्याय: सनत्कुमारजीका ऋषियोंको भगवत्स्वरूपका उपदेश देना युधिछिर उवाच केचिदाहुर्द्धिजा लोके त्रिधा राजन्ननेकधा । न प्रत्ययो न चान्यच्च दृश्यते ब्रह्म नैव तत्‌ ।।

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca

kecid āhur dvijā loke tridhā rājan anekadhā |

na pratyayo na cānyac ca dṛśyate brahma naiva tat ||

nānāvidhāni śāstrāṇi yuktāś caiva pṛthagvidhāḥ |

kim adhiṣṭhāya tiṣṭhāmi tan me brūhi pitāmaha ||

Yudhiṣṭhira thưa: “Muôn tâu Đại vương, trong đời này có những Bà-la-môn học giả nói thực tại là ba phần, lại có người diễn tả theo nhiều cách khác nhau. Không có một sự xác tín vững chắc, cũng chẳng thấy điều gì khác một cách rõ ràng; còn Brahman tối thượng thì không hiện ra trước mắt. Kinh điển thì muôn loại, mỗi loại có lập luận riêng và được trình bày bằng những phương pháp khác nhau. Vậy, bạch Tổ phụ, xin chỉ dạy: nương vào nền tảng nào—lập trường nào đã định—con nên đứng vững và sống theo?”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
केचित्some (people)
केचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootक-चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आहुःsay
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
द्विजाःtwice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
लोकेin the world
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्रिधाin three ways / threefold
त्रिधा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिधा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अनेकधाin many ways
अनेकधा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनेकधा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रत्ययःcertainty / conviction
प्रत्ययः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रत्यय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
nor
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यत्anything else
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
also
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दृश्यतेis seen / appears
दृश्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
ब्रह्मBrahman (Absolute)
ब्रह्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

युधिष्ठिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
D
dvijāḥ (learned Brahmins)
B
Brahman
Ś
śāstra (scriptural traditions)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classic Mahābhārata concern: when authoritative teachings conflict and the Absolute is not directly perceptible, one should seek a stable basis (adhiṣṭhāna) for life and practice. It motivates Bhīṣma’s subsequent guidance—moving from mere debate among doctrines toward a lived grounding in knowledge, discernment, and a practicable path aligned with dharma.

In Śānti Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira—troubled by competing metaphysical accounts (twofold, threefold, or many principles) and by the indirectness of Brahman—asks Bhīṣma to clarify which standpoint he should adopt. This question sets up the ensuing instruction (including the Sanatkumāra-related teaching in the chapter) that addresses confusion born of doctrinal plurality.