Shloka 21
Śrī–Indra–Bali Saṃvāda: The Departure and Fourfold Placement of Lakṣmī
जातिनिर्वेदमुक्त्वा स कर्मनिर्वेदमब्रवीत् | कर्मनिर्वेदमुक्त्वा च सर्वनिर्वेदमब्रवीत्,उन्होंने 'जातिनिर्वेद'* का वर्णन करके “कर्मनिर्वेद'* का उपदेश किया। तत्पश्चात् 'सर्वनिर्वेद'* की बात बतायी
jātinirvedam uktvā sa karmanirvedam abravīt | karmanirvedam uktvā ca sarvanirvedam abravīt |
Bhishma nói: Trước hết, ngài giảng về sự ly tham phát sinh từ địa vị hay xuất thân (jāti-nirveda); rồi dạy sự ly tham đối với chính hành động (karma-nirveda). Và sau khi trình bày sự ly tham đối với hành động, ngài lại nói tiếp về sự ly tham trọn vẹn, bao trùm tất cả (sarva-nirveda).
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse outlines a graded instruction in vairāgya (detachment): from disenchantment tied to one’s social condition (jāti-nirveda), to disenchantment toward action and its outcomes (karma-nirveda), culminating in comprehensive detachment from all worldly aims (sarva-nirveda), which supports liberation-oriented living.
Bhishma summarizes a teacher’s sequence of instruction: after describing one form of disenchantment, the teacher advances the listener step by step to deeper renunciation, ending with the teaching of total disenchantment.