Shloka 6

Prahlāda–Indra Saṃvāda: Kartṛtva (Agency) and Svabhāva (Nature) in the Causation of Karma

Devanagari script

अहिंसा सत्यवचन सर्वभूतेषु चार्जवम्‌ । क्षमा चैवाप्रमादश्न यस्यैते स सुखी भवेत्‌

Transliteration

ahiṃsā satyavacanaṃ sarvabhūteṣu cārjavam | kṣamā caivāpramādaś ca yasyaite sa sukhī bhavet ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Bất bạo hại, lời nói chân thật, cách đối xử ngay thẳng với mọi loài, lòng khoan dung, và sự tỉnh thức không buông lung—ai có những đức hạnh ấy mới thật sự là người hạnh phúc.

Word by Word

• अहिंसा: non-violence
• अहिंसा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहिंसा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सत्यवचनम्: truthful speech
• सत्यवचनम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्यवचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• सर्वभूतेषु: towards/in all beings
• सर्वभूतेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• आर्जवम्: straightforwardness, sincerity
• आर्जवम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आर्जव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• क्षमा: forbearance, forgiveness
• क्षमा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अप्रमादः: vigilance, non-negligence
• अप्रमादः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्रमाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यस्य: of whom/whose
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुखी: happy
• सुखी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुखिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भवेत्: would be/becomes
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Happiness is grounded in dharmic character: practicing non-violence, speaking truth, behaving with straightforwardness toward all beings, forgiving others, and remaining vigilant against moral carelessness.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira by listing key virtues and stating that the person who embodies them attains happiness.