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Shloka 9

Doṣa-Parīkṣā and Guṇa-Viveka

Examination of Faults and Discernment of the Guṇas

ज्ञानं ज्ञेयाभिनिर्वत्तं विद्धि ज्ञानगुणं मनः । प्रज्ञाकरणसंयुक्तं ततो बुद्धि: प्रवर्तते,बृहस्पते! तुम्हें ज्ञात होना चाहिये कि ज्ञेयरूपमें परमात्मासे ज्ञान प्रकट होता है और मन ज्ञानका गुण (कार्य) है। जब वह ज्ञानेन्द्रियोंसे युक्त होता है, तब बुद्धि कर्मोमें प्रवृत्त होती है

jñānaṃ jñeyābhinirvṛttaṃ viddhi jñānaguṇaṃ manaḥ | prajñākaraṇasaṃyuktaṃ tato buddhiḥ pravartate, bṛhaspate ||

Bhishma nói: Hãy biết rằng tri thức khởi sinh trong tương quan với cái có thể được biết—mà Tự Ngã Tối Thượng là đối tượng rốt ráo của sự biết—và rằng tâm (manas) là sản phẩm cùng khí cụ của tri thức. Khi tâm ấy kết hợp với năng lực phân biệt và các căn, thì trí (buddhi) liền hướng ra ngoài, dấn vào hành động và gắn mình với các công việc—hỡi Brihaspati.

ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञेयाभिनिर्वत्तम्arisen/produced from the knowable (object of knowledge)
ज्ञेयाभिनिर्वत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिनिर्वृत्त (√वृत्/√वृत्त with अभि-निर्)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विद्धिknow (you), understand
विद्धि:
TypeVerb
Root√विद्
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
ज्ञानगुणम्a quality/effect of knowledge
ज्ञानगुणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञानगुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रज्ञाकरणसंयुक्तम्connected with the instrument of prajñā (intellective faculty)
प्रज्ञाकरणसंयुक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंयुक्त (√युज्)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen; from that
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
बुद्धिःintellect, understanding
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेsets in motion; becomes active; proceeds
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
बृहस्पतेO Bṛhaspati
बृहस्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brihaspati
P
Paramatman (implied as the ultimate jñeya)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma distinguishes inner faculties: knowledge is oriented to the knowable (ultimately the Supreme Self), the mind is treated as a function/attribute arising in the cognitive process, and when the mind is coupled with discernment and the sense-faculties, the intellect becomes the driver of outward engagement in action (karma).

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation-oriented philosophy, Bhishma continues his didactic discourse, addressing Brihaspati, explaining how cognition arises and how the linkage of mind with faculties leads the intellect to initiate and pursue actions.