Shloka 12
Doṣa-Parīkṣā and Guṇa-Viveka
Examination of Faults and Discernment of the Guṇas
Devanagari script
यदा निर्गुणमाप्रोति ध्यानं मनसि पूर्वजम् । तदा प्रज्ञायते ब्रह्म निकषं निकषे यथा
Translation
Bhishma nói: Khi thiền định nguyên sơ trong tâm đạt đến cảnh giới vô thuộc tính (nirguṇa), thì Brahman được nhận biết đúng như thật—tựa vàng đã được thử trên đá thử vàng, hiện rõ bản chất của mình.
Word by Word
यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
निर्गुणम्quality-less, attributeless
निर्गुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्गुण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आप्नोतिattains, reaches
आप्नोति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ध्यानम्meditation
ध्यानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्यान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनसिin the mind
मनसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पूर्वजम्primeval, born before (the first cause)
पूर्वजम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्वज
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
प्रज्ञायतेis known, becomes clearly known
प्रज्ञायते:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
ब्रह्मBrahman (the Absolute)
ब्रह्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निकषम्touchstone; test-stone
निकषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिकष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निकषेon the touchstone
निकषे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिकष
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes