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Shloka 6

Yoga, Nārāyaṇa as Supreme Principle, and the Emanation of Categories

Sāṅkhya-Yoga Outline

यथा हिमवत: पार्श्व॑ पृष्ठ चन्द्रमसो यथा । न दृष्टपूर्व मनुजैर्न च तन्नास्ति तावता

bhīṣma uvāca | yathā himavataḥ pārśvaṁ pṛṣṭhaṁ candramaso yathā | na dṛṣṭapūrvaṁ manuṣyair na ca tan nāsti tāvatā ||

Bhīṣma nói: Như con người xưa nay chưa từng thấy mặt bên kia của dãy Hi-mã-lạp-sơn, cũng chưa từng thấy mặt sau của vầng trăng, nhưng không vì thế mà kết luận rằng những mặt ấy không tồn tại—cũng vậy, Tự Ngã nội tại, bậc chủ tể bên trong ngự trong mọi loài, có bản tính là tri thức và vô cùng vi tế; chỉ vì mắt không thấy mà chớ nói rằng Tự Ngã không có.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
हिमवत:‎of Himavat (the Himalaya)
हिमवत:‎:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootहिमवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पार्श्वम्the side/flank
पार्श्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्श्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पृष्ठम्the back (rear side)
पृष्ठम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चन्द्रमस:‎of the moon
चन्द्रमस:‎:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्रमस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दृष्टपूर्वम्previously seen/ever seen before
दृष्टपूर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदृष्टपूर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
मनुजै:‎by humans
मनुजै:‎:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्तिexists/is
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तावताby that much/for that reason alone
तावता:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतावत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
H
Himavat (Himalaya)
C
Chandra (Moon)
A
Atman (Self)
A
Antaryamin (Inner Ruler)

Educational Q&A

Non-perception is not non-existence: the Self (Ātman), present within all beings as the inner ruler and of the nature of consciousness, is too subtle for the eyes; therefore its invisibility cannot be used to deny its reality.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and higher knowledge, Bhishma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira using a concrete analogy (unseen sides of the Himalaya and the moon) to argue that the indwelling Self exists even though it is not directly seen.