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Shloka 24

प्रजापतयः देवगणाश्च दिशि-दिशि स्थिताः ऋषयः

Prajāpatis, Deva-Groups, and the Ṛṣis Assigned to the Directions

मत्स्यो यथा स्रोत इवाभिपाती तथा कृतं पूर्वमुपैति कर्म । शुभे त्वसौ तुष्यति दुष्कृते तु नतुष्यते वै परम: शरीरी

matsyo yathā srota iva abhipātī tathā kṛtaṃ pūrvam upaiti karma | śubhe tv asau tuṣyati duṣkṛte tu na tuṣyate vai paramaḥ śarīrī ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Như con cá bị dòng nước cuốn đi, con người cũng bị sức mạnh của những nghiệp đã làm trước đó đẩy đưa. Thế nhưng, đang bị cuốn trong dòng chảy của nghiệp, tự ngã mang thân—vốn thật là tối thượng—lại vui mừng khi quả thuận đến và sầu khổ khi quả nghịch gặp. Chính phản ứng ấy là dấu hiệu của mê lầm.”

मत्स्यःfish
मत्स्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
स्रोतःin the stream/current
स्रोतः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्रोतस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अभिपातीfalling/being carried along (towards)
अभिपाती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि-√पत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
कृतम्deed, what has been done
कृतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकृत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly, earlier
पूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
उपैतिreaches, comes to, follows
उपैति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-√इ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्मkarma (action and its result)
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शुभेin/at the auspicious (result)
शुभे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशुभ
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut, however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
असौthat (person), he
असौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (प्रातिपदिक: अदस्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुष्यतिis satisfied, rejoices
तुष्यति:
TypeVerb
Root√तुष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुष्कृतेin/at the evil deed (its result)
दुष्कृते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्कृत
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुष्यतेis satisfied
तुष्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√तुष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
परमःsupreme, highest
परमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरीरीembodied being
शरीरी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरीरिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
F
fish
S
stream/current
K
karma (past deeds)
E
embodied self (śarīrī/jīva)

Educational Q&A

Past actions propel the embodied being like a current carries a fish; wisdom lies in not being mentally elated by pleasant outcomes or crushed by painful ones, recognizing such reactive satisfaction and distress as delusion.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma teaches Yudhishthira using a vivid metaphor to explain how beings are driven by prior karma and why one should cultivate equanimity toward the fruits that inevitably arise.