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Shloka 10

मनस्–बुद्धि–गुणविचारः (Manas–Buddhi–Guṇa Inquiry) — Meditation and Nirguṇa Realization

आत्मकेवलतां प्राप्तस्तत्र गत्वा न शोचति । ईदृशं परमं स्थान निरयास्ते च तादृशा:

ātmakevalatāṃ prāptas tatra gatvā na śocati | īdṛśaṃ paramaṃ sthānaṃ nirayās te ca tādṛśāḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Chỉ người đã đạt ātma-kaivalya—trạng thái ‘tự ngã tuyệt đối, một mình’—mới đến đó và không còn sầu khổ. Bản thể của cõi tối thượng là như vậy; và so với nó, ngay cả những thế giới trước kia được kể là đầy đủ muôn thứ khoái lạc, kỳ thực cũng như địa ngục.”

आत्मकैवलताम्self-alone-ness; absolute self-isolation (kaivalya-state)
आत्मकैवलताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मकैवलता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्तःhaving attained
प्राप्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
गत्वाhaving gone
गत्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोचतिgrieves
शोचति:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormLat, Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ईदृशम्such; of this kind
ईदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
परमम्supreme
परमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्थानम्place; abode
स्थानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निरयाःhells
निरयाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तादृशाःof that kind; such (as described)
तादृशाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतादृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
paramaṃ sthānam (the supreme abode/state)
N
niraya (hell)

Educational Q&A

True freedom from grief arises only upon attaining ātma-kaivalya—abidance in the Self as the highest reality. Compared to that supreme state, even pleasure-filled heavenly experiences are inferior and are rhetorically likened to hell because they remain within change, dependence, and eventual loss.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhishma continues teaching about the highest goal. He contrasts the sorrowless peace of the supreme state with the limited nature of pleasure-based worlds, emphasizing the superiority of liberation over enjoyment.