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Shloka 11

Śarīrin, Buddhi, and the Limits of Sense-Perception (इन्द्रियबुद्धिशरीरिविचारः)

तस्य तत्‌ पूर्वसंरुद्धमात्मन: षष्ठमान्तरम्‌ । स्फुरिष्यति समुदशभ्रान्ता विद्युदम्बुधरे यथा

tasya tat pūrvasaṃruddham ātmanaḥ ṣaṣṭham antaram | sphuriṣyati samudaśabhrāntā vidyud ambudhare yathā ||

Bhishma nói: Dẫu nhờ nỗ lực trước đó mà tâm cùng các giác quan đã bị chế ngự và giữ yên được một thời, hễ gặp kẽ hở nó lại bùng lên—như tia chớp bất thần lóe trong mây. Cũng vậy, tâm cứ nhiều lần xao động, lao về các đối tượng của giác quan, cho thấy việc tự chế cần sự tỉnh giác và kỷ luật bền bỉ.

तस्यof that (mind/one)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तत्that (state/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पूर्व-संरुद्धम्previously restrained/checked
पूर्व-संरुद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसं-√रुध् (रुणद्धि) → संरुद्ध (क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
आत्मनःof the self
आत्मनः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
षष्ठम्sixth
षष्ठम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective (ordinal)
Rootषष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अन्तरम्inner (organ); interval; interior
अन्तरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
स्फुरिष्यतिwill throb/quiver; will flash forth
स्फुरिष्यति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Root√स्फुर्
FormSimple Future (लृट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
समुदश-भ्रान्ताhaving become bewildered/roaming again (i.e., once more restless)
समुदश-भ्रान्ता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुदश + भ्रान्त (क्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विद्युत्lightning
विद्युत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्युत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अम्बु-धरेin a cloud (water-bearer)
अम्बु-धरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअम्बु + धर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यथाas; just as
यथा:
Upamana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
vidyut (lightning)
A
ambudhara (cloud)

Educational Q&A

Temporary restraint is not final victory: even a mind subdued by effort can surge back toward sense-objects when an opportunity arises. Therefore one must practice sustained vigilance (apramāda), repeated restraint, and steady discipline rather than trusting a brief calm.

In Bhishma’s instruction in the Śānti Parva, he explains the practical difficulty of inner governance. Using the image of lightning flashing in a cloud, he describes how the mind—counted as the ‘sixth’ alongside the five senses—can suddenly become active again after having been checked, and thus needs ongoing training.