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Shloka 32

मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः

Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature

अथ यद्‌ दुःखसंयुक्तमप्रीतिकरमात्मन: । प्रवृत्त रज इत्येव तन्न संरभ्य चिन्तयेत्‌

atha yad duḥkhasaṃyuktam aprītikaram ātmanaḥ | pravṛttaṃ raja ity eva tan na saṃrabhya cintayet ||

Bhīṣma nói: Hễ khi nào trong tâm khởi lên một trạng thái gắn liền với khổ đau và gây bất mãn nội tâm, hãy chỉ nhận biết đó là sự khởi động của rajas (tính chất của dục vọng và xao động). Vì vậy, khi gặp nỗi khổ ấy, chớ khuấy động tâm bằng sự lo nghĩ dằn vặt; bởi ưu tư chỉ làm khổ đau thêm lớn.

अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
दुःख-संयुक्तम्connected with sorrow
दुःख-संयुक्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःखसंयुक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अ-प्रीति-करम्causing displeasure
अ-प्रीति-करम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रीतिकर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
आत्मनःof oneself (to oneself)
आत्मनः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्रवृत्तम्arisen/active
प्रवृत्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
रजःrajas (the quality of passion/activity)
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that (state/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संरभ्यhaving become agitated / having taken it to heart
संरभ्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-रभ्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
चिन्तयेत्should think/reflect (should worry)
चिन्तयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचिन्त्
FormVidhi-ling (Optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rajas (rajoguṇa)

Educational Q&A

Sorrowful, displeasing mental states should be identified as the rise of rajas; instead of feeding them with anxious rumination, one should remain unagitated, since worry intensifies suffering.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on inner discipline and ethical living; here he gives a practical diagnostic: recognize distress as a guṇa-driven movement (rajas) and avoid reactive worry.