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Shloka 31

Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra

मानसं सर्वभूतानां धर्ममाहुर्मनीषिण: । तस्मात्‌ सर्वेषु भूतेषु मनसा शिवमाचरेत्‌

mānasaṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ dharmam āhur manīṣiṇaḥ | tasmāt sarveṣu bhūteṣu manasā śivam ācaret ||

Bhishma nói: Người trí tuyên rằng, đối với mọi loài hữu tình, dharma cao nhất là dharma được thực hành bằng tâm. Vì vậy, đối với mọi sinh linh, hãy thực hành điều lành trong tâm—luôn mong cầu phúc lợi cho họ và giữ ý niệm từ hòa.

मानसम्mental (done by mind)
मानसम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमानस
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वभूतानाम्of all beings
सर्वभूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
धर्मम्dharma, righteous conduct
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
मनीषिणःthe wise (sages)
मनीषिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्मात्therefore, from that reason
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
सर्वेषुin/among all
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
भूतेषुin beings, creatures
भूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
मनसाby the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शिवम्good, welfare, auspiciousness
शिवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आचरेत्should practice/perform
आचरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनीषीa wise person
मनीषी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma

Educational Q&A

True dharma begins internally: the mind should be trained to hold goodwill toward all beings. Even before speech or action, benevolent intention (śiva) directed to everyone is presented as a superior, foundational form of righteousness.

In the Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and right conduct after the war. Here he emphasizes inner ethics—cultivating universal goodwill in thought—as a key element of righteous living.