Shloka 20

जपयोगयोः तुल्यफलनिर्णयः

Adhyāya 193: Adjudication of the Comparable Fruits of Japa and Yoga

Devanagari script

इह प्रजापति: पूर्व देवा: सर्षिगणास्तथा । इष्ट्वेष्टतपस: पूता ब्रह्मलोकमुपाश्रिता:,पूर्वकालमें यहीं प्रजापति, देवता तथा ऋषियोंने यज्ञ और अभीष्ट तपस्या करके पवित्र हो ब्रह्मलोकको प्राप्त कर लिया

Transliteration

iha prajāpatiḥ pūrvaṃ devāḥ saṛṣigaṇās tathā | iṣṭveṣṭatapaḥ pūtā brahmalokam upāśritāḥ ||

Translation

Thuở xưa, ngay tại đây, Prajāpati, các chư thiên và đoàn thể các ṛṣi—được thanh tịnh nhờ cử hành tế lễ (yajña) và thực hành tapas theo lời nguyện và chí nguyện của mình—đã đạt đến và nương tựa nơi Brahmaloka.

Word by Word

• इह: here, in this world
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह
• Form: indeclinable (locative adverb)

• प्रजापतिः: Prajāpati
• प्रजापतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजापति
• Form: masculine, nominative, singular

• पूर्वे: former, earlier
• पूर्वे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• देवाः: gods
• देवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• स: with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स
• Form: indeclinable (prefix/preverb meaning 'with')

• ऋषिगणाः: groups of sages
• ऋषिगणाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषिगण
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• तथा: and also, likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा
• Form: indeclinable

• इष्ट्वा: having worshipped/sacrificed
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (यज्-अर्थे)
• Form: absolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable verbal form

• इष्टतपसः: of desired/approved austerity (tapas)
• इष्टतपसः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष्टतपस्
• Form: neuter, genitive, singular

• पूताः: purified
• पूताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूत
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• ब्रह्मलोकम्: the world of Brahmā (Brahmaloka)
• ब्रह्मलोकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मलोक
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• उपाश्रिताः: having resorted to / attained
• उपाश्रिताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपाश्रित
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

भरद्वाज उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvāja
• Prajāpati
• Devas
• Ṛṣis
• Brahmaloka

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Purification (śuddhi) and higher spiritual attainment are presented as the fruit of disciplined yajña (sacrificial worship) and tapas (austerity) performed with right intention; even the highest beings are said to have reached Brahmaloka through such dharmic practice.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bharadvāja cites an ancient precedent: Prajāpati, the gods, and the sages performed sacrifices and chosen austerities, became purified, and attained Brahmaloka—used as an authoritative example to support the value of yajña and tapas in the broader Śānti Parva discourse.