Shloka 4
Adhyāya 189: Japa—Inquiry into the Jāpaka, Method
Vidhi), and Fruit (Phala
ब्राह्मणा: क्षत्रिया वैश्या: शूद्राश्न द्विजसत्तम | ये चान्ये भूतसड्घानां सड्घास्तांश्वापि निर्ममे
brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāś ca dvijasattama | ye cānye bhūtasaṅghānāṃ saṅghās tān śvāpi nirmame, dvijaśreṣṭha ||
Bharadvāja nói: “Hỡi bậc tối thắng trong hàng ‘lưỡng sinh’! Rồi Ngài tạo lập bốn đẳng cấp: Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya và Śūdra. Và giữa muôn loài hữu tình, bất cứ cộng đồng hay nhóm loại nào khác hiện hữu, Ngài cũng khiến chúng phát sinh.”
भरद्वाज उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse presents a cosmological framing of social and biological diversity: the four varṇas and other communities of beings are described as products of an ordered creation, implying a structured universe where roles and groupings are understood within a larger dharmic design.
Bharadvāja is describing an act of creation: after an earlier stage of cosmogony, the creator is said to have produced the four human varṇas and, beyond them, the many other collectives found among living beings.