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Shloka 38

जनक-राज्ञः मौण्ड्य-परिव्रज्या-विवादः

Janaka’s Renunciation Questioned; Discourse on Dāna and Detachment

एवं धर्ममनुक्रान्ता: सदा दानतपःपरा: | आनृशंस्यगुणोपेता: कामक्रोधविवर्जिता:

evaṁ dharmam anukrāntāḥ sadā dāna-tapaḥ-parāḥ | ānṛśaṁsya-guṇopetāḥ kāma-krodha-vivarjitāḥ ||

Arjuna nói: “Nếu chúng ta luôn bước theo con đường dharma—chuyên cần bố thí và khổ hạnh—đầy đủ đức từ bi và không tàn hại, lìa bỏ lỗi lầm của dục vọng và sân hận; nếu nương tựa nơi bố thí cao quý và hạnh lành, chuyên tâm hộ trì muôn dân, và tiếp tục phụng sự các bậc thầy cùng những bậc trưởng lão đáng kính, thì chúng ta sẽ đạt đến cõi giới mà mình mong cầu.”

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुक्रान्ताःhaving followed, having proceeded after
अनुक्रान्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु-क्रम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
दानgiving, charity
दान:
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), Singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), Singular
पराःdevoted (to), intent on
पराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आनृशंस्यnon-cruelty, compassion
आनृशंस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootआनृशंस्य
FormNeuter, Stem (in compound), Singular
गुणquality, virtue
गुण:
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
उपेताःendowed with, possessed of
उपेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-इ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कामdesire, lust
काम:
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
क्रोधanger
क्रोध:
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Stem (in compound), Singular
विवर्जिताःfree from, having abandoned
विवर्जिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-वर्ज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that steadfast adherence to dharma is expressed through concrete virtues: generosity (dāna), disciplined austerity (tapas), compassion/non-cruelty (ānṛśaṁsya), and self-mastery by abandoning desire and anger. Such a life—also marked by responsible governance and service to elders—leads to the attainment of one’s desired spiritual goal.

Arjuna speaks reflectively, outlining a program of righteous living and rulership: follow dharma consistently, cultivate compassion, restrain passions like desire and anger, uphold charitable and moral conduct, protect the people, and serve teachers and elders—affirming that these practices secure the sought-after higher realm.