Shloka 20

निर्वेदोपदेशः (Nirveda-Upadeśa) — Maṅki’s Dispassion and the Limits of Wealth-Seeking

Devanagari script

विदितश्नाभवत्‌ तस्य राक्षसेन्द्रस्य धीमत: । प्रहित: सुह्ददा राजन्‌ प्रीयमाण: प्रियातिथि:

Transliteration

viditaś ca abhavat tasya rākṣasendrasya dhīmataḥ | prahitaḥ suhṛdā rājan prīyamāṇaḥ priyātithiḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Tâu đại vương, vị chúa tể La-sát đầy trí tuệ ấy hay tin rằng một vị khách quý—do người bạn có lòng thiện chí gửi đến—đã tới, mang theo tâm ý hòa hảo và niềm vui.

Word by Word

• विदितम्: known, ascertained
• विदितम्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विदित (√विद्)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• अभवत्: became / was
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• तस्य: of him / his
• तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• राक्षसेन्द्रस्य: of the lord of the Rakshasas
• राक्षसेन्द्रस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षसेन्द्र
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• धीमतः: of the intelligent one
• धीमतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीमत्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• प्रहितः: sent, dispatched
• प्रहितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहित (√हि/√धा)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुहृदा: by a friend
• सुहृदा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुहृद्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• प्रीयमाणः: being pleased / rejoicing
• प्रीयमाणः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रीयमाण (√प्री)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रियातिथिः: a dear guest
• प्रियातिथिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रियातिथि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• rākṣasendra (lord of the Rākṣasas)
• suhṛt (a friend/well-wisher)
• priyātithi (dear guest)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights atithi-dharma (the duty of honoring a guest) and the ethical importance of recognizing goodwill: a wise ruler takes note when a friend sends an envoy/guest, and responds with appropriate respect and discernment.

What is happening in the narrative?

News reaches a wise Rākṣasa-king that a beloved guest has been dispatched to him by a friendly well-wisher; the guest arrives in a pleased, amicable disposition, setting a tone of courteous reception and diplomatic goodwill.