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Shloka 12

Virūpākṣa’s Dāna and Gautama’s Burden — the approach of Rājadharma

ब्राह्मणेभ्य: प्रदायाग्रं यः सुहृद्धिः सहा श्रुते । स प्रेत्य लभते स्वर्गमिह चानन्त्यमश्लुते

brāhmaṇebhyaḥ pradāyāgraṃ yaḥ suhṛdbhiḥ sahāśnute | sa pretya labhate svargam iha cānantyam aśnute ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Ai trước hết dâng phần tốt nhất cho các Bà-la-môn, rồi sau đó mới cùng những người thân thiện của mình dùng bữa, người ấy hưởng niềm vui vô tận ngay trong đời này, và khi chết sẽ đạt đến cõi trời.”

ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
प्रदायhaving given
प्रदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-दा
FormLyap (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
अग्रंthe first portion / first (share)
अग्रं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुहृद्भिःwith friends / well-wishers
सुहृद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
अश्नुतेeats / partakes
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormLat (present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रेत्यafter dying / having departed
प्रेत्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र-इ
Formabsolutive (gerund) used adverbially
लभतेobtains
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormLat (present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular
स्वर्गम्heaven
स्वर्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आनन्त्यम्endlessness / unending (bliss)
आनन्त्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआनन्त्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्नुतेenjoys / partakes
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्
FormLat (present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Brāhmaṇas
S
Svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

Prioritize respectful giving—especially offering the best portion first to worthy recipients (here, Brāhmaṇas)—and then partake with one’s companions. Such disciplined generosity yields well-being in this life and heavenly reward after death.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhīṣma teaches Yudhiṣṭhira a rule of conduct for householders: before eating, one should first make an offering to Brāhmaṇas; this practice is praised as producing both worldly happiness and posthumous attainment of Svarga.