Shloka 22

त्रिवर्गविचारः

Tri-varga Deliberation: Dharma, Artha, Kāma

Devanagari script

मैत्रो5थ शीलसम्पन्न: प्रसन्नात्मा55त्मविच्च यः: । मुक्तस्य विविधै: सज्जैस्तस्य प्रेत्य फलं महत्‌

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca | maitraḥ atha śīla-sampannaḥ prasannātmā ātmavit ca yaḥ | muktasya vividhaiḥ saṅgais tasya pretya phalaṃ mahat ||

Translation

Người có lòng thân thiện với muôn loài, đầy đủ hạnh kiểm, tâm an vui, biết tự ngã (Atman), và đã thoát khỏi muôn thứ chấp trước—người ấy sau khi chết đạt được quả lớn: giải thoát.

Word by Word

• मैत्रः: friendly, benevolent
• मैत्रः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मैत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अथ: and then / moreover
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• शीलसम्पन्नः: endowed with good conduct
• शीलसम्पन्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीलसम्पन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रसन्नात्मा: one whose mind/self is serene
• प्रसन्नात्मा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रसन्नात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• आत्मवित्: knower of the Self
• आत्मवित्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मविद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यः: who
• यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मुक्तस्य: of the liberated / freed (person)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; मुच् + क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• विविधैः: by/with various (kinds of)
• विविधैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• सङ्गैः: attachments, associations
• सङ्गैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तस्य: of him
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• प्रेत्य: having departed (after death)
• प्रेत्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र-इ (धातु) + ल्यप्

• फलम्: fruit, result
• फलम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• महत्: great
• महत्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Cultivate universal friendliness, moral character, inner serenity, and Self-knowledge, while becoming free from attachments; such a person attains the supreme posthumous result—moksha.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and the path to the highest good; here he summarizes the qualities of a liberated-minded person and the liberation that follows after death.