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Shloka 22

Bhīmasena’s Counsel on Grief, Inner Conflict, and the Duty of Kingship (भीमसेन-उपदेशः)

(बलिनो हि वयं राजन्‌ देवैरपि सुदुर्जया: । कथं भृत्यत्वमापन्ना विराटनगरे समर ।।

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

balino hi vayaṃ rājan devair api sudurjayāḥ |

kathaṃ bhṛtyatvam āpannā virāṭanagare sma ra ||

yac ca te droṇabhīṣmābhyāṃ yuddham āsīd arindama |

manasaikena yoddhavyaṃ tat te yuddham upasthitam ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Tâu Đại vương, chúng ta vốn hùng mạnh—ngay cả chư thiên cũng khó bề khuất phục. Thế mà hãy nhớ: tại thành Virāṭa, chúng ta đã bị ép phải chịu kiếp tôi đòi. Và hỡi bậc hàng phục kẻ thù, trận chiến ngài từng đối diện với Droṇa và Bhīṣma—một trận chiến tương đương nay đang ở trước mặt: giờ đây ngài chỉ phải giao chiến với chính tâm mình.”

बलिनःstrong, powerful
बलिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वयम्we
वयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
देवैःby the gods
देवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सुदुर्जयाःvery hard to conquer
सुदुर्जयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुर्जय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
भृत्यत्वम्servitude
भृत्यत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्यत्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आपन्नाःhaving fallen into/attained
आपन्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआपन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, आपद् (to fall into/attain), क्त (past passive participle)
विराटनगरेin the city of Virata
विराटनगरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविराटनगर
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
स्मरremember
स्मर:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तेyour/to you
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Genitive/Dative, Singular
द्रोणभीष्माभ्याम्by/with Drona and Bhishma
द्रोणभीष्माभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अरिंदमO subduer of foes
अरिंदम:
TypeNoun
Rootअरिंदम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
मनसाwith the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
एकेनwith one/alone
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
योद्धव्यम्must be fought
योद्धव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, तव्य (gerundive/obligative), Passive sense
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेfor you/to you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine, Genitive/Dative, Singular
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उपस्थितम्has come/has presented itself
उपस्थितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउपस्थित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, उप-स्था (to stand near/arrive), क्त (past passive participle)
शत्रुदमनO tamer of enemies
शत्रुदमन:
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रुदमन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नरेशO king
नरेश:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
द्रोणाचार्यby/with Dronacharya
द्रोणाचार्य:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणाचार्य
FormMasculine, Instrumental (intended), Singular
भीष्मby/with Bhishma
भीष्म:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental (intended), Singular
केin/with whom/which
के:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Root
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
साथwith (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
साथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाथ
जोwhich/that (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
जो:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजो
आपकाyour (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
आपका:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआपका
युद्धbattle (Hindi/Sanskrit form)
युद्ध:
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
हुआhappened/was (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
हुआ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहुआ
थाwas (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
था:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootथा
वैसाlike that (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
वैसा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवैसा
हीonly/indeed (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
ही:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootही
दूसराsecond/another (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
दूसरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदूसरा
युद्धbattle
युद्ध:
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
आपकेyour (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
आपके:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआपके
सामनेbefore/in front (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
सामने:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसामने
उपस्थितpresent/arrived
उपस्थित:
TypeAdjective
Rootउपस्थित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Nominative, Singular, उप-स्था, क्त
हैis (Hindi; not Sanskrit)
है:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहै

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
King (rājan)
D
Devas
V
Virāṭa (Virāṭanagara)
D
Droṇa
B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

True victory can require an inner battle: even the strong must sometimes conquer their own mind—fear, anger, pride, or despair—before they can act rightly. The verse reframes ‘war’ as self-mastery and mental discipline.

Vaiśampāyana recalls a humiliating episode—servitude in Virāṭa’s city—despite great strength, to urge the king to remember past endurance. He then compares an earlier external war against Droṇa and Bhīṣma to a present, more subtle struggle: a decisive confrontation with one’s own mind.