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Shloka 16

अज्ञान–लोभयोः परस्परहेतुत्वम्

Mutual Causality of Ignorance and Greed

न हास्ति सर्वभूतेषु दुः:खमस्मिन्‌ कुत: सुखम्‌ । एवं प्रकृतिभूतानां सर्वसंसर्गयायिनाम्‌

na hāsti sarvabhūteṣu duḥkham asmin kutaḥ sukham | evaṃ prakṛtibhūtānāṃ sarvasaṃsargayāyinām ||

Śaunaka nói: “Trong đời này, giữa mọi loài hữu tình, khổ đau chưa từng vắng mặt—vậy làm sao có thể bảo đảm hạnh phúc? Đó chính là bản tính của chúng sinh mang thân: phải đi qua mọi thứ giao tiếp và tiếp xúc; và cùng với những tiếp xúc ấy, khổ đau tất yếu đến, còn lạc thú chỉ thoáng qua.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (अस्ति)
FormLat (present), 3, singular
सर्वभूतेषुin all beings
सर्वभूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
Formneuter, locative, plural
दुःखम्sorrow/pain
दुःखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अस्मिन्in this (world/state)
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (अस्मद्-प्रयोगः: अस्मिन्)
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular
कुतःwhence/how (then)
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतः
सुखम्happiness/pleasure
सुखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
Formneuter, nominative, singular
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
प्रकृतिभूतानाम्of those that have become (such) by nature / naturally constituted
प्रकृतिभूतानाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकृतिभूत
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
सर्वसंसर्गयायिनाम्of those who go/are subject to all associations/contacts
सर्वसंसर्गयायिनाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वसंसर्गयायिन्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural

शौनक उवाच

Ś
Śaunaka

Educational Q&A

Happiness is not a guaranteed, stable state for embodied beings because contact and association (saṃsarga) are unavoidable, and with them come inevitable forms of suffering; therefore one should cultivate realism, restraint, and detachment rather than expecting unbroken pleasure.

In the Shānti Parva’s reflective discourse, Śaunaka voices a general philosophical observation about the condition of living beings: life necessarily involves continual interactions and attachments, making suffering inescapable and happiness intermittent.