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Shloka 31

कपोत-लुब्धकसंवादः — Hunter’s Remorse and Renunciatory Resolve

विहीनं कर्मणान्यायं यः प्रगृह्नाति भूमिप: । उपायस्याविशेषज्ञं तद्‌ वै क्षत्रं नपुंसकम्‌

vihīnaṃ karmaṇā nyāyaṃ yaḥ pragṛhṇāti bhūmipaḥ | upāyasyāviśeṣajñaṃ tad vai kṣatraṃ napuṃsakam ||

Bhīṣma nói: Vua nào chọn làm tể phụ một kẻ không có hạnh lành, không biết công lý, lại không phân biệt được phương kế và mưu lược để thành sự—thì quyền lực Kṣatriya của vua ấy, xét cho cùng, chỉ là bất lực.

विहीनम्devoid (of)
विहीनम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविहीन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कर्मणाby action / by conduct
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्यायम्injustice
अन्यायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्याय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रगृह्णातिaccepts / takes up
प्रगृह्णाति:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भूमिपःking
भूमिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपायस्यof means / of expedients
उपायस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अविशेषज्ञम्not knowing distinctions (i.e., undiscerning)
अविशेषज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअविशेषज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
क्षत्रम्kingship / kshatra (royal power)
क्षत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नपुंसकम्impotent / unmanly
नपुंसकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनपुंसक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (bhūmipaḥ)
M
minister/counselor (implied by pragṛhṇāti)

Educational Q&A

Royal power becomes ineffective when a king relies on advisors who lack righteous conduct, justice, and strategic discernment; ethical competence in counsel is essential to legitimate and effective rule.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma warns about the consequences of poor ministerial selection, stating that a king who adopts an unjust and incompetent counselor renders his own sovereignty powerless.