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Shloka 32

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

आशां कालवतीं कुर्यात्‌ तां च विघ्नेन योजयेत्‌ । विध्नं निमित्ततो ब्रूयान्निमित्तं चापि हेतुत:

āśāṃ kālavatīṃ kuryāt tāṃ ca vighnena yojayet | vighnaṃ nimittato brūyān nimittaṃ cāpi hetutaḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Vua hãy khiến kỳ vọng của kẻ thù trở thành chuyện phải chờ đợi—kéo dài thời gian—rồi trói buộc nó bằng chướng ngại. Hãy nói chướng ngại ấy phát sinh từ một cái cớ, và lại chứng minh cái cớ ấy có lý lẽ nghe xuôi.”

आशाम्hope, expectation
आशाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआशा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कालवतीम्having (much) time; time-consuming/delayed
कालवतीम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकालवत्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कुर्यात्should make
कुर्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ताम्that (her/it)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विघ्नेनby/with an obstacle
विघ्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविघ्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
योजयेत्should connect/attach; should impose
योजयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विघ्नम्obstacle
विघ्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविघ्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निमित्ततःas (arising) from a pretext/cause; on the ground of a reason
निमित्ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनिमित्त
ब्रूयात्should say/declare
ब्रूयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
निमित्तम्pretext, reason
निमित्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिमित्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हेतुतःas (arising) from a cause; causally; by way of justification
हेतुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहेतु

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king)
Ś
śatru (the enemy)

Educational Q&A

A ruler may strategically manage an opponent by prolonging the fulfillment of the opponent’s expectations, introducing obstacles, and framing those obstacles with credible pretexts and reasons—an instruction in calculated statecraft (rājanīti).

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on governance, Bhīṣma advises the king on practical methods to weaken an enemy’s plans: delay what the enemy hopes to achieve, create hindrances, and justify them through plausible explanations.