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Shloka 173

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

शत्रोरनार्य भूतस्य क्लिष्टस्य क्षुधितस्यथ च

śatror anārya-bhūtasya kliṣṭasya kṣudhitasya ca

Bhīṣma nói: “Dẫu đối diện một kẻ thù đã sa vào điều bất nhã—đang khốn khổ, thậm chí đói lả—cũng phải cân nhắc cách đáp lại trong ánh sáng của dharma, chứ không chỉ bằng lòng thù hận.”

शत्रोःof the enemy
शत्रोः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अनार्यभूतस्यof one who has become ignoble (base)
अनार्यभूतस्य:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनार्यभूत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
क्लिष्टस्यof the afflicted/distressed
क्लिष्टस्य:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootक्लिष्ट
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
क्षुधितस्यof the hungry
क्षुधितस्य:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुधित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अथand/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
śatru (enemy)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that dharma is tested precisely in hostile situations: even an enemy who has become ignoble and is suffering (distressed, hungry) should not be treated purely with vindictiveness; one’s action should remain governed by ethical restraint and right conduct.

In Shanti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhishthira on dharma and righteous governance. Here he frames a case involving an enemy in a weakened, pitiable condition (afflicted and hungry), setting up guidance on how a righteous person or king should respond.