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Shloka 138

आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः

Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca

शत्रुरूपा हि सुहृदो मित्ररूपाश्न शत्रव: । संधितास्ते न बुद्धयन्ते कामक्रोधवशं गता:

śatrurūpā hi suhṛdo mitrarūpāś ca śatravaḥ | sandhitās te na budhyante kāma-krodha-vaśaṃ gatāḥ ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Bạn bè quả có thể mang dáng dấp kẻ thù, và kẻ thù cũng có thể mang dáng dấp bạn bè. Dẫu đã kết ước với nhau, khi con người bị dục vọng và sân hận chi phối, thì không thể phân biệt được họ hành động vì tình bạn hay vì lòng thù địch.”

शत्रु-रूपाःhaving the form of enemies
शत्रु-रूपाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशत्रु-रूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
सुहृदःfriends
सुहृदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मित्र-रूपाःhaving the form of friends
मित्र-रूपाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमित्र-रूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
संधिताःhaving made an alliance / reconciled
संधिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंधि-त (√धा)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बुध्यन्तेunderstand/recognize
बुध्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Root√बुध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
काम-क्रोध-वशम्under the sway of desire and anger
काम-क्रोध-वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम-क्रोध-वश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गताःhaving gone/come to (a state)
गताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootग-त (√गम्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

External labels—‘friend’ or ‘enemy’—are unstable when people are driven by desire and anger. Ethical discernment requires attention to motives and self-control, not merely to treaties or appearances.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on conduct in distress (Āpaddharma), Bhīṣma warns about the unreliability of alliances: after a pact, those overcome by kāma and krodha become hard to read, as friends may act like enemies and enemies like friends.