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Shloka 42

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

बुद्धिर्दीप्ता बलवन्तं हिनस्ति बल॑ बुद्धया पाल्यते वर्धमानम्‌ । शरत्रुर्बुद्धया सीदते वर्धमानो बुद्धे: पश्चात्‌ कर्म यत्तत्‌ प्रशस्तम्‌

bhīṣma uvāca | buddhir dīptā balavantaṃ hinasti balaṃ buddhyā pālyate vardhamānam | śatrur buddhyā sīdati vardhamāno buddheḥ paścāt karma yat tat praśastam ||

Bhishma nói: Trí tuệ sắc bén, rực sáng có thể quật ngã cả kẻ hùng mạnh. Sức lực đang suy cũng có thể được gìn giữ và phục hồi nhờ trí mưu. Ngay cả kẻ thù đang lớn mạnh cũng bị kế sách khôn ngoan làm cho suy sụp và bắt đầu chịu khổ. Vì vậy, hành động được thực hiện sau khi suy xét—noi theo sự chỉ dẫn của trí tuệ—là điều đáng khen nhất.

बुद्धिःintelligence
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दीप्ताkindled, bright
दीप्ता:
TypeAdjective
Rootदीप्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बलवन्तम्the strong (one)
बलवन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हिनस्तिstrikes down, destroys
हिनस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
बलम्strength, power
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धयाby intelligence
बुद्धया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
पाल्यतेis protected
पाल्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive
वर्धमानम्growing, increasing
वर्धमानम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्धमान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शत्रुःenemy
शत्रुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धयाby intelligence
बुद्धया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सीदतेsinks, is distressed
सीदते:
TypeVerb
Rootसद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
वर्धमानःgrowing, increasing
वर्धमानः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्धमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धेःfrom/after intelligence (i.e., after deliberation)
बुद्धेः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Ablative, Singular
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
कर्मaction, deed
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रशस्तम्excellent, commendable
प्रशस्तम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रशस्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
E
enemy (śatru)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that buddhi (discernment and strategic intelligence) is superior to mere physical power: it can defeat the strong, preserve weakening strength, and subdue even a rising enemy. Actions become truly praiseworthy when they are performed after careful reflection.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on righteous governance and conduct after the war. Here he emphasizes the practical-ethical value of deliberation and intelligence in protecting oneself and the kingdom and in dealing with enemies.