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Shloka 34

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

यथा क्रमेण पुष्पेभ्यक्षिनोति मधु षघट्पद: । तथा द्रव्यमुपादाय राजा कुर्वीत संचयम्‌

yathā krameṇa puṣpebhyaḥ kṣinoti madhu ṣaṭpadaḥ | tathā dravyam upādāya rājā kurvīta sañcayam ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Như con ong lần lượt góp nhụy mật từ muôn hoa, gom từng chút một để thành mật ong, thì vua cũng nên lấy từ mọi thần dân mỗi người một ít, rồi tích lũy mà làm đầy quốc khố.”

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
क्रमेणin order; gradually
क्रमेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्रम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पुष्पेभ्यःfrom flowers
पुष्पेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपुष्प
FormNeuter, Ablative, Plural
चिनोतिcollects
चिनोति:
TypeVerb
Rootचि
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
मधुhoney; nectar
मधु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमधु
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
षट्पदःthe bee (six-footed one)
षट्पदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootषट्पद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso; in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
द्रव्यम्wealth; money
द्रव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपादायhaving taken; having obtained
उपादाय:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आ-दा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुर्वीतshould do; should make
कुर्वीत:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सञ्चयम्accumulation; collection; reserve
सञ्चयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसञ्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king)
ṣaṭpada (bee)
M
madhu (honey)
P
puṣpa (flowers)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should raise revenue moderately and gradually—like a bee collecting nectar—so that the burden on any single subject is light, while the state still forms a stable reserve for governance and protection.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises Yudhiṣṭhira on practical kingship. Here he uses the bee-and-honey simile to counsel careful, non-oppressive collection of wealth to maintain the royal treasury.