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Shloka 7

मयूरवद्राजधर्मः (Mayūra-vat Rāja-dharma) — The Peacock-Model of Protective Kingship

सब सेवकोंको उनके योग्य कार्यमें ही लगाना चाहिये। कर्मफलकी इच्छा करनेवाले राजाको चाहिये कि वह अपने सेवकोंको ऐसे कार्योंमें न नियुक्त करे, जो उनकी योग्यता और मर्यादाके प्रतिकूल पड़ते हों ।।

yaḥ pramāṇam atikramya pratilomaṁ narādhipaḥ | bhṛtyān sthāpayate buddhir na sa rañjayate prajāḥ ||

Bhishma nói: Vị vua cầu quả của hành động phải giao mỗi bề tôi vào công việc hợp với năng lực và địa vị của họ. Nhưng kẻ cầm quyền thiếu sáng suốt, vượt qua chuẩn mực chính đáng và đặt người dưới quyền vào những việc trái với sở trường và giới hạn hợp pháp của họ, thì không thể làm cho dân chúng được an lòng, vui thuận.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमाणम्proper measure/standard (limit, rule)
प्रमाणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अतिक्रम्यhaving transgressed/overstepped
अतिक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
प्रतिलोमम्contrary/inverse (improperly)
प्रतिलोमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिलोम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नराधिपःking (lord of men)
नराधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भृत्यान्servants/retainers
भृत्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
स्थापयतेappoints/places/assigns
स्थापयते:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (causative: स्थापय-)
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
बुद्धिःintelligence/judgment
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe/that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रञ्जयतेpleases/delights
रञ्जयते:
TypeVerb
Rootरञ्ज्
FormPresent, Indicative, Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
प्रजाःsubjects/people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
narādhipa (the king/ruler)
B
bhṛtya (servants/retainers)
P
prajā (subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must respect proper standards (pramāṇa) and assign duties according to each person’s competence and rightful role; misassignment that violates aptitude and propriety leads to dissatisfaction and instability among the people.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises the king (Yudhiṣṭhira in context) on practical governance: the success of rule depends on wise appointments and adherence to established norms, not arbitrary or contrary placements of retainers.