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Shloka 5

मयूरवद्राजधर्मः (Mayūra-vat Rāja-dharma) — The Peacock-Model of Protective Kingship

शरभ: शरभस्थाने सिंह: सिंह इवोर्जित: । व्याप्रो व्याप्र इव स्थाप्यो द्वीपी द्वीपी यथा तथा

śarabhaḥ śarabhastāne siṃhaḥ siṃha ivorjitaḥ | vyāghro vyāghra iva sthāpyo dvīpī dvīpī yathā tathā ||

Bhishma nói: “Hãy đặt śarabha vào chỗ của śarabha; đặt sư tử hùng mạnh vào vị trí của sư tử; đặt hổ vào chỗ của hổ; và báo cũng vậy, vào đúng chỗ của báo. Cũng thế, mỗi người phải được bổ nhiệm theo bản tính và phạm vi chính đáng của mình.”

शरभःthe śarabha (a powerful beast)
शरभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शरभस्थानेin the place/position of the śarabha
शरभस्थाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशरभस्थान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सिंहःa lion
सिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सिंहःa lion
सिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
ऊर्जितःstrong, vigorous
ऊर्जितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्जित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्याघ्रःa tiger
व्याघ्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्याघ्रःa tiger
व्याघ्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याघ्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
स्थाप्यःshould be placed/appointed
स्थाप्यः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, gerundive (future passive participle), to be placed/appointed
द्वीपीa leopard (lit. 'spotted one')
द्वीपी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्वीपिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्वीपीa leopard
द्वीपी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्वीपिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तथाso, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Ś
śarabha
L
lion (siṃha)
T
tiger (vyāghra)
L
leopard/panther (dvīpī)

Educational Q&A

Appointments and responsibilities should be assigned according to inherent capacity, nature, and rightful sphere (yogyatā and maryādā). Misplacing roles—like putting one creature into another’s station—disrupts order; proper placement sustains dharma and effective governance.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on righteous rule and social order, Bhishma teaches Yudhishthira through a vivid animal analogy: each type of strength has its proper domain, so a ruler should allocate offices and duties to those fit for them, preserving stability and justice.