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Shloka 38

Nakula’s Counsel on Yajña, Dāna, and Tyāga (नकुलोपदेशः—यज्ञदानत्यागविचारः)

क्षात्रेण धर्मेण पराक्रमेण जित्वा महीं मन्त्रविद्भ्य: प्रदाय । नाकस्य पृष्ठेडसि नरेन्द्र गन्ता न शोचितव्यं भवताद्य पार्थ

kṣātreṇa dharmeṇa parākrameṇa jitvā mahīṃ mantravidbhyaḥ pradāya | nākasya pṛṣṭheḍasi narendra gantā na śocitavyaṃ bhavatā'dya pārtha ||

Nakula nói: “Nhờ dharma của kṣatriya và nhờ dũng lực, ngài đã chinh phục cõi đất, rồi lại ban trao nó cho những bậc tinh thông minh chú, giỏi mưu lược và thánh học. Ôi bậc quân vương, ngài sẽ đi đến đỉnh cao của thiên giới. Vì vậy, hỡi Pārtha, hôm nay ngài chớ nên sầu muộn.”

क्षात्रेणby/with kshatriya (royal) duty
क्षात्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
धर्मेणby righteousness/dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
पराक्रमेणby valor/heroic effort
पराक्रमेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
महींthe earth
महीं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मन्त्रविद्भ्यःto the knowers of sacred counsel/mantras (wise Brahmins)
मन्त्रविद्भ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रविद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
प्रदायhaving given (away)
प्रदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
नाकस्यof heaven (svarga)
नाकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootनाका
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पृष्ठेon the back/surface
पृष्ठे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
नरेन्द्रO king (lord of men)
नरेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
गन्ताone who will go / destined to go
गन्ता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formतृच् (agent noun/future sense), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोचितव्यम्to be grieved for / fit to be lamented
शोचितव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligatory), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
भवताby you (honorific)
भवता:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
पार्थO Partha (son of Pritha)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

नकुल उवाच

N
Nakula
N
Narendra (king)
P
Pārtha (son of Pṛthā, Arjuna)
M
Mahī (the earth/kingdom)
N
Nāka (heaven)

Educational Q&A

Nakula links righteous kingship to two ethical pillars: (1) victory gained through kṣatriya-dharma and courage, and (2) non-attachment expressed through giving the conquered realm to the wise. Such action, combining duty with generosity/renunciation, is presented as a path to heavenly merit; hence grief is discouraged.

Nakula addresses a king—calling him both ‘narendra’ and ‘Pārtha’—to console him. He argues that after fulfilling warrior-duty in conquest and then relinquishing the fruits by gifting the earth to learned counselors/Brahmins, the king is destined for heaven, so present sorrow is inappropriate.