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Shloka 21

Adhyāya 115: On Restraint Under Verbal Provocation in the Assembly (सभायां आक्रोश-सहिष्णुता)

विगर्हणां परमदुरात्मना कृतां सहेत य: संसदि दुर्जनान्नर: । पठेदिदं चापि निदर्शनं सदा न वाड्मयं स लभति किंचिदप्रियम्‌

vigarhāṇāṃ paramadurātmanā kṛtāṃ saheta yaḥ saṃsadi durjanān naraḥ | paṭhed idaṃ cāpi nidarśanaṃ sadā na vāḍmayaṃ sa labhati kiṃcid apriyam ||

Bhīṣma nói: Người nào ở giữa hội chúng chịu đựng lời chê trách do kẻ cực kỳ ác tâm thốt ra, lại thường xuyên tụng đọc hoặc ghi nhớ tấm gương minh họa này, thì sẽ không bao giờ phải gánh lấy dù chỉ một chút điều khó chịu phát sinh từ lời nói lăng mạ. Lời dạy ấy ca ngợi sự nhẫn nhịn trước vu cáo độc địa như một sự che chở cho nội tâm vững vàng và sự an ổn trong đời sống xã hội.

विगर्हणाम्censure, reproach
विगर्हणाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविगर्हणा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
परम-दुरात्मनाby an extremely wicked person
परम-दुरात्मना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपरमदुरात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कृताम्done, made
कृताम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सहेतshould endure
सहेत:
TypeVerb
Rootसह्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संसदिin the assembly
संसदि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंसद्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
दुर्जनात्from a wicked person
दुर्जनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्जन
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पठेत्should recite/read
पठेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपठ्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निदर्शनम्example, illustration
निदर्शनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिदर्शन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाक्-मयम्consisting of speech; verbal
वाक्-मयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवाङ्मय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
लभतिobtains, experiences
लभति:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
किञ्चित्anything, even a little
किञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अप्रियम्unpleasant, disagreeable
अप्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
assembly (saṃsad)

Educational Q&A

To practice kṣamā—patient forbearance—by calmly enduring malicious blame in public; such restraint protects one from further harm caused by hostile speech and preserves dignity and inner composure.

In Bhishma’s instruction during the Shanti Parva, he presents a moral maxim tied to an earlier illustrative story (nidarśana): the listener is urged to keep that example in mind and to tolerate the reproach of wicked people in an assembly.